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Effects of an increasing filter feeder stock on larval abundance in the Oosterschelde estuary (SW Netherlands)

Predation by adult bivalves on bivalve larvae has been suggested to reduce larval abundance in areas with high bivalve filter-feeder biomass. Although the occurrence of larviphagy is well-studied in the laboratory, its effects in the field have scarcely been studied. We studied larviphagy at differe...

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Published in:Journal of sea research 2009-02, Vol.61 (3), p.153-164
Main Authors: Troost, Karin, Gelderman, Edzard, Kamermans, Pauline, Smaal, Aad C., Wolff, Wim J.
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description Predation by adult bivalves on bivalve larvae has been suggested to reduce larval abundance in areas with high bivalve filter-feeder biomass. Although the occurrence of larviphagy is well-studied in the laboratory, its effects in the field have scarcely been studied. We studied larviphagy at different spatial scales in the Oosterschelde estuary. On the scale of individuals, we confirmed that larviphagy occurs in Crassostrea gigas and Mytilus edulis in the Oosterschelde estuary, by examining stomach contents of adult bivalves. On a local scale, we studied effects of larviphagy by a Pacific oyster ( C. gigas) bed on presence of larvae in the overlying water column by sampling larvae with fixed plankton nets. Abundance of blue mussel ( M. edulis) larvae was significantly reduced by the oyster. Abundance of C. gigas larvae did not seem to be reduced by the oyster bed, but spawning by the adult oysters during the sampling period may have affected the results. On estuary-scale, the effect of larviphagy on larval abundance of C. gigas and M. edulis was studied using existing monitoring data over 6 years for M. edulis and 13 years for C. gigas. Numbers of M. edulis larvae showed no significant trend over the 6 years studied. Abundance of C. gigas larvae declined with an increasing filter feeder stock (that was mainly caused by an increase in C. gigas stock). This decline may be due to direct effects of larviphagy or indirect effects such as lowered food levels, and was not compensated by an increased larval production. All results combined, complemented with a theoretical estimate of the effect of larviphagy on estuary-scale, strongly suggest that larviphagy is major source of mortality for bivalve larvae in the Oosterschelde estuary.
doi_str_mv 10.1016/j.seares.2008.11.006
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identifier ISSN: 1385-1101
ispartof Journal of sea research, 2009-02, Vol.61 (3), p.153-164
issn 1385-1101
1873-1414
language eng
recordid cdi_wageningen_narcis_oai_library_wur_nl_wurpubs_376446
source ScienceDirect Journals
subjects Adult-larvae Interactions
Animal and plant ecology
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Biological and medical sciences
Bivalve Larvae
Bivalvia
boundary-layer
Brackish
Brackish water ecosystems
cerastoderma-edule
Crassostrea gigas
crassostrea-virginica
Filter Feeding
Filtration Pressure
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
ingestion
Larviphagy
Marine
mechanisms
mussel mytilus-edulis
Mytilus edulis
oyster
pelagic food-web
Sea water ecosystems
Suspension Feeding
suspension-feeding bivalves
Synecology
Vertical Distribution
title Effects of an increasing filter feeder stock on larval abundance in the Oosterschelde estuary (SW Netherlands)
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