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Distribution of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance in Rattus norvegicus in the Netherlands according to Vkorc1 mutations

BACKGROUND: Rodenticide resistance to anticoagulants in Rattus norvegicus will lead to increased difficulties in combating these pest animals. Here, the authors present the results of a survey in the Netherlands where tissue samples and droppings were tested using a newly developed TaqMan PCR test f...

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Published in:Pest management science 2014-11, Vol.70 (11), p.1761-1766
Main Authors: Meerburg, Bastiaan G, van Gent‐Pelzer, Marga PE, Schoelitsz, Bruce, van der Lee, Theo AJ
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van Gent‐Pelzer, Marga PE
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description BACKGROUND: Rodenticide resistance to anticoagulants in Rattus norvegicus will lead to increased difficulties in combating these pest animals. Here, the authors present the results of a survey in the Netherlands where tissue samples and droppings were tested using a newly developed TaqMan PCR test for genotypic variation at codon 139 in the Vkorc1 gene associated with anticoagulant rodenticide resistance. Test results are linked to results of a questionnaire that was conducted among pest controllers. RESULTS: Genetic mutations at codon 139 of the Vkorc1 gene in R. norvegicus can be encountered in many parts of the Netherlands. In 34/61 rat tails, a genotype was found that is linked to anticoagulant rodenticide resistance (56%). In droppings, 42/169 samples (25%) showed a resistance‐mediating genotype. In addition, indications of a clear genetic substructure in the Netherlands were found. In some regions, only resistance‐mediating genotypes were found, corroborating results from the questionnaire in which pest controllers indicated they suspected resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to demonstrate the presence of multiple genetic mutations at codon 139 of the Vkorc1 gene in R. norvegicus in the Netherlands. As rodenticides should keep their efficacy because they are a last resort in rodent management, more studies are urgently needed that link specific genetic mutations to the efficacy of active substances. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry
doi_str_mv 10.1002/ps.3809
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Here, the authors present the results of a survey in the Netherlands where tissue samples and droppings were tested using a newly developed TaqMan PCR test for genotypic variation at codon 139 in the Vkorc1 gene associated with anticoagulant rodenticide resistance. Test results are linked to results of a questionnaire that was conducted among pest controllers. RESULTS: Genetic mutations at codon 139 of the Vkorc1 gene in R. norvegicus can be encountered in many parts of the Netherlands. In 34/61 rat tails, a genotype was found that is linked to anticoagulant rodenticide resistance (56%). In droppings, 42/169 samples (25%) showed a resistance‐mediating genotype. In addition, indications of a clear genetic substructure in the Netherlands were found. In some regions, only resistance‐mediating genotypes were found, corroborating results from the questionnaire in which pest controllers indicated they suspected resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to demonstrate the presence of multiple genetic mutations at codon 139 of the Vkorc1 gene in R. norvegicus in the Netherlands. As rodenticides should keep their efficacy because they are a last resort in rodent management, more studies are urgently needed that link specific genetic mutations to the efficacy of active substances. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry</description><identifier>ISSN: 1526-498X</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1526-4998</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1002/ps.3809</identifier><identifier>PMID: 24753361</identifier><identifier>CODEN: PMSCFC</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>Chichester, UK: John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd</publisher><subject>Animals ; Anticoagulants ; Anticoagulants - pharmacology ; anticoagulants, integrated pest management ; berk ; Biological and medical sciences ; chlorophacinone ; Control ; controllers ; Drug Resistance - genetics ; Feces ; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology ; gene ; genes ; genetic mutation ; Genetic Variation ; genotype ; Genotype &amp; phenotype ; germany ; integrated pest management ; Mutation ; Netherlands ; norway rats ; Pest control ; Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection ; Polymerase chain reaction ; Protozoa. Invertebrates ; questionnaires ; rat ; rats ; Rats - genetics ; Rattus norvegicus ; Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction ; Resistance to control ; rodent control ; Rodent Control - methods ; rodenticide resistance ; rodenticides ; Rodenticides - pharmacology ; Rodents ; surveys ; Surveys and Questionnaires ; tail ; tests ; tyrosine139cysteine focus ; vertebrate pests ; Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases - genetics ; warfarin ; westphalia</subject><ispartof>Pest management science, 2014-11, Vol.70 (11), p.1761-1766</ispartof><rights>2014 The Authors. published by John Wiley &amp; Sons Ltd on behalf of Society of Chemical Industry</rights><rights>2015 INIST-CNRS</rights><rights>2014 The Authors. 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Manag. Sci</addtitle><description>BACKGROUND: Rodenticide resistance to anticoagulants in Rattus norvegicus will lead to increased difficulties in combating these pest animals. Here, the authors present the results of a survey in the Netherlands where tissue samples and droppings were tested using a newly developed TaqMan PCR test for genotypic variation at codon 139 in the Vkorc1 gene associated with anticoagulant rodenticide resistance. Test results are linked to results of a questionnaire that was conducted among pest controllers. RESULTS: Genetic mutations at codon 139 of the Vkorc1 gene in R. norvegicus can be encountered in many parts of the Netherlands. In 34/61 rat tails, a genotype was found that is linked to anticoagulant rodenticide resistance (56%). In droppings, 42/169 samples (25%) showed a resistance‐mediating genotype. In addition, indications of a clear genetic substructure in the Netherlands were found. In some regions, only resistance‐mediating genotypes were found, corroborating results from the questionnaire in which pest controllers indicated they suspected resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to demonstrate the presence of multiple genetic mutations at codon 139 of the Vkorc1 gene in R. norvegicus in the Netherlands. As rodenticides should keep their efficacy because they are a last resort in rodent management, more studies are urgently needed that link specific genetic mutations to the efficacy of active substances. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry</description><subject>Animals</subject><subject>Anticoagulants</subject><subject>Anticoagulants - pharmacology</subject><subject>anticoagulants, integrated pest management</subject><subject>berk</subject><subject>Biological and medical sciences</subject><subject>chlorophacinone</subject><subject>Control</subject><subject>controllers</subject><subject>Drug Resistance - genetics</subject><subject>Feces</subject><subject>Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology</subject><subject>gene</subject><subject>genes</subject><subject>genetic mutation</subject><subject>Genetic Variation</subject><subject>genotype</subject><subject>Genotype &amp; phenotype</subject><subject>germany</subject><subject>integrated pest management</subject><subject>Mutation</subject><subject>Netherlands</subject><subject>norway rats</subject><subject>Pest control</subject><subject>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</subject><subject>Polymerase chain reaction</subject><subject>Protozoa. 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Psychology</topic><topic>gene</topic><topic>genes</topic><topic>genetic mutation</topic><topic>Genetic Variation</topic><topic>genotype</topic><topic>Genotype &amp; phenotype</topic><topic>germany</topic><topic>integrated pest management</topic><topic>Mutation</topic><topic>Netherlands</topic><topic>norway rats</topic><topic>Pest control</topic><topic>Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection</topic><topic>Polymerase chain reaction</topic><topic>Protozoa. Invertebrates</topic><topic>questionnaires</topic><topic>rat</topic><topic>rats</topic><topic>Rats - genetics</topic><topic>Rattus norvegicus</topic><topic>Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction</topic><topic>Resistance to control</topic><topic>rodent control</topic><topic>Rodent Control - methods</topic><topic>rodenticide resistance</topic><topic>rodenticides</topic><topic>Rodenticides - pharmacology</topic><topic>Rodents</topic><topic>surveys</topic><topic>Surveys and Questionnaires</topic><topic>tail</topic><topic>tests</topic><topic>tyrosine139cysteine focus</topic><topic>vertebrate pests</topic><topic>Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases - genetics</topic><topic>warfarin</topic><topic>westphalia</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Meerburg, Bastiaan G</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van Gent‐Pelzer, Marga PE</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Schoelitsz, Bruce</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>van der Lee, Theo AJ</creatorcontrib><collection>AGRIS</collection><collection>Istex</collection><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Wiley Online Library Open Access</collection><collection>Pascal-Francis</collection><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>Chemoreception Abstracts</collection><collection>Entomology Abstracts (Full archive)</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>Industrial and Applied Microbiology Abstracts (Microbiology A)</collection><collection>Toxicology Abstracts</collection><collection>Technology Research Database</collection><collection>Environmental Sciences and Pollution Management</collection><collection>Engineering Research Database</collection><collection>Biotechnology and BioEngineering Abstracts</collection><collection>Environment Abstracts</collection><collection>AGRICOLA</collection><collection>AGRICOLA - Academic</collection><collection>PubMed Central (Full Participant titles)</collection><collection>NARCIS:Publications</collection><jtitle>Pest management science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Meerburg, Bastiaan G</au><au>van Gent‐Pelzer, Marga PE</au><au>Schoelitsz, Bruce</au><au>van der Lee, Theo AJ</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Distribution of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance in Rattus norvegicus in the Netherlands according to Vkorc1 mutations</atitle><jtitle>Pest management science</jtitle><addtitle>Pest. Manag. Sci</addtitle><date>2014-11</date><risdate>2014</risdate><volume>70</volume><issue>11</issue><spage>1761</spage><epage>1766</epage><pages>1761-1766</pages><issn>1526-498X</issn><eissn>1526-4998</eissn><coden>PMSCFC</coden><abstract>BACKGROUND: Rodenticide resistance to anticoagulants in Rattus norvegicus will lead to increased difficulties in combating these pest animals. Here, the authors present the results of a survey in the Netherlands where tissue samples and droppings were tested using a newly developed TaqMan PCR test for genotypic variation at codon 139 in the Vkorc1 gene associated with anticoagulant rodenticide resistance. Test results are linked to results of a questionnaire that was conducted among pest controllers. RESULTS: Genetic mutations at codon 139 of the Vkorc1 gene in R. norvegicus can be encountered in many parts of the Netherlands. In 34/61 rat tails, a genotype was found that is linked to anticoagulant rodenticide resistance (56%). In droppings, 42/169 samples (25%) showed a resistance‐mediating genotype. In addition, indications of a clear genetic substructure in the Netherlands were found. In some regions, only resistance‐mediating genotypes were found, corroborating results from the questionnaire in which pest controllers indicated they suspected resistance to anticoagulant rodenticides. CONCLUSION: This is the first study to demonstrate the presence of multiple genetic mutations at codon 139 of the Vkorc1 gene in R. norvegicus in the Netherlands. As rodenticides should keep their efficacy because they are a last resort in rodent management, more studies are urgently needed that link specific genetic mutations to the efficacy of active substances. © 2014 Society of Chemical Industry</abstract><cop>Chichester, UK</cop><pub>John Wiley &amp; Sons, Ltd</pub><pmid>24753361</pmid><doi>10.1002/ps.3809</doi><tpages>6</tpages><oa>free_for_read</oa></addata></record>
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subjects Animals
Anticoagulants
Anticoagulants - pharmacology
anticoagulants, integrated pest management
berk
Biological and medical sciences
chlorophacinone
Control
controllers
Drug Resistance - genetics
Feces
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
gene
genes
genetic mutation
Genetic Variation
genotype
Genotype & phenotype
germany
integrated pest management
Mutation
Netherlands
norway rats
Pest control
Phytopathology. Animal pests. Plant and forest protection
Polymerase chain reaction
Protozoa. Invertebrates
questionnaires
rat
rats
Rats - genetics
Rattus norvegicus
Real-Time Polymerase Chain Reaction
Resistance to control
rodent control
Rodent Control - methods
rodenticide resistance
rodenticides
Rodenticides - pharmacology
Rodents
surveys
Surveys and Questionnaires
tail
tests
tyrosine139cysteine focus
vertebrate pests
Vitamin K Epoxide Reductases - genetics
warfarin
westphalia
title Distribution of anticoagulant rodenticide resistance in Rattus norvegicus in the Netherlands according to Vkorc1 mutations
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