Mitigation of micropollutants for black water application in agriculture via composting of anaerobic sludge

•Micropollutants removal in the composted UASB sludge ranged from 87% to 99%.•99% removal of the persistent pharmaceutical diclofenac is achieved.•Triclosan is partly transformed into methyltriclosan that is accumulated in compost. The excess sludge from Up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor o...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of hazardous materials 2016-02, Vol.303, p.41-47
Main Authors: Butkovskyi, A., Ni, G., Hernandez Leal, L., Rijnaarts, H.H.M., Zeeman, G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Agriculture
Anaerobiosis
Biodegradation
Biodegradation, Environmental
Carbon Dioxide - analysis
Composting
Environmental Technology
Milieutechnologie
Oxygen - analysis
Personal care products
Pharmaceuticals
Sectie Milieutechnologie
Sewage - analysis
Soil
Source separated sanitation
Sub-department of Environmental Technology
Waste Disposal, Fluid
Waste Water
Water Pollutants, Chemical - analysis
Water Pollutants, Chemical - isolation & purification
WIMEK
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Summary:•Micropollutants removal in the composted UASB sludge ranged from 87% to 99%.•99% removal of the persistent pharmaceutical diclofenac is achieved.•Triclosan is partly transformed into methyltriclosan that is accumulated in compost. The excess sludge from Up-flow anaerobic sludge bed (UASB) reactor operated on source separated toilet wastewater is a potential source of nutrients and organic matter. It can be further stabilized and dried by composting and applied as a soil amendment. Presence of pathogens, heavy metals and micropollutants in the compost derived from anaerobic sludge is thus undesirable. This paper focuses on removal of micropollutants, typically present in domestic wastewater, via composting of UASB sludge with waste wood. Estrone, diclofenac, ibuprofen, metoprolol, carbamazepine, galaxolide and triclosan were spiked to a mixture of UASB sludge and waste wood. Their concentrations were monitored during 92 days of composting at controlled temperature conditions. All studied micropollutants were removed at various rates with overall removal ranging from 99.9% for ibuprofen, diclofenac and estrone to 87.8% for carbamazepine. Accumulation of methyltriclosan as by-product of triclosan degradation was observed. The prospects and limitations of the integration of a composting process into Source Separated Sanitation concepts are discussed.
ISSN:0304-3894
1873-3336
DOI:10.1016/j.jhazmat.2015.10.016