Lifestyle after Colorectal Cancer Diagnosis in Relation to Survival and Recurrence: A Review of the Literature

Purpose of Review This review summarizes the evidence regarding diet, physical activity, smoking, and body composition after colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis in relation to all-cause and CRC-specific mortality and disease recurrence and gives suggestions for future research directions. Recent Findi...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Current colorectal cancer reports 2017, Vol.13 (5), p.370-401
Main Authors: van Zutphen, Moniek, Kampman, Ellen, Giovannucci, Edward L., van Duijnhoven, Fränzel J. B.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Alcohol
Body composition
Body mass index
Colorectal cancer
Colorectal Surgery
Diet
Lifestyle
Medicine
Medicine & Public Health
Nutrition and Nutritional Interventions in Colorectal Cancer (K Wu
Nutrition and Nutritional Interventions in Colorectal Cancer (K Wu, Section Editor)
Oncology
Physical activity
Proctology
Section Editor
Sedentary behavior
Smoking
Survival
Topical Collection on Nutrition and Nutritional Interventions in Colorectal Cancer
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Summary:Purpose of Review This review summarizes the evidence regarding diet, physical activity, smoking, and body composition after colorectal cancer (CRC) diagnosis in relation to all-cause and CRC-specific mortality and disease recurrence and gives suggestions for future research directions. Recent Findings Overall, this review suggests that some, albeit not all, of the well-known modifiable risk factors for cancer incidence might also be associated with CRC survival. CRC prognosis appears to be worse with increased physical inactivity, smoking, or being underweight after CRC diagnosis. Emerging evidence suggests that diets associated with a positive energy balance, e.g., high consumption of sugar-sweetened beverages, may negatively impact survival in CRC survivors. In contrast, there is currently little evidence to support the recommendation to limit red and processed meat or alcohol intake after CRC diagnosis. Whether being overweight and obese after CRC diagnosis improves or worsens CRC prognosis remains controversial and may depend on the measure used to assess body fatness. Summary Further research on post-diagnosis lifestyle patterns is needed to understand the multifactorial influence on CRC prognosis. Disease recurrence and the development of comorbidities should be included as key outcomes in future studies and lifestyle should preferably be repeatedly measured.
ISSN:1556-3790
1556-3804
DOI:10.1007/s11888-017-0386-1