The toxic effect of deltamethrin on linyphiid and erigonid spiders in connection with ambient temperature, humidity, and predation

The first part of this study concerns the effect of temperature and air humidity on the toxicity of deltamethrin to the erigonid Oedothorax apicatus. The second part concerns the effect of deltamethrin on behavior of linyphiids and erigonids with respect to their ability to escape from predators and...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Archives of environmental contamination and toxicology 1991-01, Vol.20 (1), p.20-24
Main Authors: Everts, J.W. (Agricultural University, Wageningen, The Netherlands), Willemsen, I, Stulp, M, Simons, L, Aukema, B, Kammenga, J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
AGONUM DORSALE
AIR
AIRE
Animal, plant and microbial ecology
Animals
Applied ecology
ARANEAE
Biological and medical sciences
CARABIDAE
Coleoptera
DEPREDACION
Ecotoxicology, biological effects of pollution
Effects of pollution and side effects of pesticides on protozoa and invertebrates
ENVIRONMENTAL TEMPERATURE
Erigonidae
Escape Reaction - drug effects
Female
Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology
Hot Temperature
HUMEDAD
HUMIDITE
HUMIDITY
Insecticides - toxicity
Laboratorium voor Nematologie
Laboratory of Nematology
LINYPHIIDAE
Locomotion - drug effects
Nitriles
OEDOTHORAX
Oedothorax apicatus
PIRETRINAS SINTETICAS
PREDATION
PTEROSTICHUS
PTEROSTICHUS CUPREUS
PYRETHRINE DE SYNTHESE
Pyrethrins - toxicity
Spiders - drug effects
SYNTHETIC PYRETHRINS
TEMPERATURA AMBIENTE
TEMPERATURE AMBIANTE
TOXICIDAD
TOXICITE
TOXICITY
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Summary:The first part of this study concerns the effect of temperature and air humidity on the toxicity of deltamethrin to the erigonid Oedothorax apicatus. The second part concerns the effect of deltamethrin on behavior of linyphiids and erigonids with respect to their ability to escape from predators and to select between unfavorable (dry) and favorable (moist) habitat conditions. The toxic effect of deltamethrin was highest at the combination of high temperature and low air humidity. It was concluded that the spider's sensitivity to drought is increased by this pyrethroid. Affected spiders, however, are less able to select moist habitat conditions than unaffected ones. Walking speed of spiders was decreased by exposure to deltamethrin and their predation by carabid beetles was increased. It was concluded that the effect observed under field conditions is the result of a combination of neurological, physiological, and behavioral disturbance.
ISSN:0090-4341
1432-0703
DOI:10.1007/BF01065323