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Relationship between Dining Place, Iodine Source, and Iodine Nutrition in School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in China
This study assesses the impact of iodine-rich processed foods and dining places on the iodine nutritional status of children. School-aged children (SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by school-based multistage sampling. Urinary iodine, salt iodine, and thyroid volume (TVOL) were determin...
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Published in: | Biomedical and environmental sciences 2023-01, Vol.36 (1), p.10-23 |
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creator | QIAN, Ting Ting SUN, Rong LIU, Lan Chun CHE, Wen Jing ZHAO, Meng ZHANG, Ling LI, Wei Dong JIA, Qing Zhen WANG, Jian Hui LI, Jin Shu CHEN, Zhi Hui ZHANG, Bi Yun LIU, Peng |
description | This study assesses the impact of iodine-rich processed foods and dining places on the iodine nutritional status of children.
School-aged children (SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by school-based multistage sampling. Urinary iodine, salt iodine, and thyroid volume (TVOL) were determined. Questionnaires were used to investigate dining places and iodine-rich processed foods. The water iodine was from the 2017 national survey. Multi-factor regression analysis was used to find correlations between variables.
Children ate 78.7% of their meals at home, 15.1% at school canteens, and 6.1% at other places. The percentage of daily iodine intake from water, iodized salt, iodine-rich processed foods, and cooked food were 1.0%, 79.2%, 1.5%, and 18.4%, respectively. The salt iodine was correlated with the urinary iodine and TVOL, respectively (r = 0.999 and -0.997, P < 0.05). The iodine intake in processed foods was weakly correlated with the TVOL (r = 0.080, P < 0.01). Non-iodized salt used in processed foods or diets when eating out had less effect on children’s iodine nutrition status.
Iodized salt remains the primary source of daily iodine intake of SAC, and processed food has less effect on iodine nutrition. Therefore, for children, iodized salt should be a compulsory supplement in their routine diet. |
doi_str_mv | 10.3967/bes2023.002 |
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School-aged children (SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by school-based multistage sampling. Urinary iodine, salt iodine, and thyroid volume (TVOL) were determined. Questionnaires were used to investigate dining places and iodine-rich processed foods. The water iodine was from the 2017 national survey. Multi-factor regression analysis was used to find correlations between variables.
Children ate 78.7% of their meals at home, 15.1% at school canteens, and 6.1% at other places. The percentage of daily iodine intake from water, iodized salt, iodine-rich processed foods, and cooked food were 1.0%, 79.2%, 1.5%, and 18.4%, respectively. The salt iodine was correlated with the urinary iodine and TVOL, respectively (r = 0.999 and -0.997, P < 0.05). The iodine intake in processed foods was weakly correlated with the TVOL (r = 0.080, P < 0.01). Non-iodized salt used in processed foods or diets when eating out had less effect on children’s iodine nutrition status.
Iodized salt remains the primary source of daily iodine intake of SAC, and processed food has less effect on iodine nutrition. Therefore, for children, iodized salt should be a compulsory supplement in their routine diet.</description><identifier>ISSN: 0895-3988</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 2214-0190</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.3967/bes2023.002</identifier><identifier>PMID: 36650678</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>China: Elsevier B.V</publisher><subject>Child ; China ; Cross-Sectional Studies ; Dining place ; Humans ; Iodine ; Iodine-rich processed foods ; Nutritional Status ; Sodium Chloride, Dietary - analysis ; Source of iodine ; Urinary iodine ; Water</subject><ispartof>Biomedical and environmental sciences, 2023-01, Vol.36 (1), p.10-23</ispartof><rights>2023 The Editorial Board of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences</rights><rights>Copyright © 2023 The Editorial Board of Biomedical and Environmental Sciences. Published by China CDC. All rights reserved.</rights><rights>Copyright © Wanfang Data Co. Ltd. All Rights Reserved.</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Uhttp://www.wanfangdata.com.cn/images/PeriodicalImages/bes/bes.jpg</thumbnail><linktohtml>$$Uhttps://www.sciencedirect.com/science/article/pii/S0895398823000144$$EHTML$$P50$$Gelsevier$$H</linktohtml><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,3549,27924,27925,45780</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/36650678$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>QIAN, Ting Ting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SUN, Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LIU, Lan Chun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CHE, Wen Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ZHAO, Meng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ZHANG, Ling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LI, Wei Dong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JIA, Qing Zhen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WANG, Jian Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LI, Jin Shu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CHEN, Zhi Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ZHANG, Bi Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LIU, Peng</creatorcontrib><title>Relationship between Dining Place, Iodine Source, and Iodine Nutrition in School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in China</title><title>Biomedical and environmental sciences</title><addtitle>Biomed Environ Sci</addtitle><description>This study assesses the impact of iodine-rich processed foods and dining places on the iodine nutritional status of children.
School-aged children (SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by school-based multistage sampling. Urinary iodine, salt iodine, and thyroid volume (TVOL) were determined. Questionnaires were used to investigate dining places and iodine-rich processed foods. The water iodine was from the 2017 national survey. Multi-factor regression analysis was used to find correlations between variables.
Children ate 78.7% of their meals at home, 15.1% at school canteens, and 6.1% at other places. The percentage of daily iodine intake from water, iodized salt, iodine-rich processed foods, and cooked food were 1.0%, 79.2%, 1.5%, and 18.4%, respectively. The salt iodine was correlated with the urinary iodine and TVOL, respectively (r = 0.999 and -0.997, P < 0.05). The iodine intake in processed foods was weakly correlated with the TVOL (r = 0.080, P < 0.01). Non-iodized salt used in processed foods or diets when eating out had less effect on children’s iodine nutrition status.
Iodized salt remains the primary source of daily iodine intake of SAC, and processed food has less effect on iodine nutrition. Therefore, for children, iodized salt should be a compulsory supplement in their routine diet.</description><subject>Child</subject><subject>China</subject><subject>Cross-Sectional Studies</subject><subject>Dining place</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Iodine</subject><subject>Iodine-rich processed foods</subject><subject>Nutritional Status</subject><subject>Sodium Chloride, Dietary - analysis</subject><subject>Source of iodine</subject><subject>Urinary iodine</subject><subject>Water</subject><issn>0895-3988</issn><issn>2214-0190</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2023</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNo10c1vFCEYBnBibOy2evJuOHjw4LR8DMzgbbNabdJU4-qZMPDOLs0sbGGmTU_-6zLZ3ROB_CDP-4DQe0quuJLNdQeZEcavCGGv0IIxWleEKvIaLUirRMVV256ji5wfCKmpqts36JxLKYhs2gX69xsGM_oY8tbvcQfjM0DAX33wYYN_DcbCZ3wbnQ-A13FK89YEdzq6n8bk59vYB7y22xiHarkBvNr6wSUIX_ASr1LMuVqDnZ0Z8Hqc3MvsCwrmLTrrzZDh3XG9RH9vvv1Z_ajufn6_XS3vKmCtHCvHeMeJBdMR5Tj0nSUclGKSCgddK1rhhKidsY3ijeu5YDVtahCi7zjvbMMv0cfDu88m9CZs9EOZpsTJ-lgfoaW_wj4d2D7FxwnyqHc-WxgGEyBOWbNGyoYqyUWhH4506nbg9D75nUkv-tRtAeIAoMz15CHpbD0EC86n0oZ20WtK9PyHpxB6zvAfMZ6MPw</recordid><startdate>20230101</startdate><enddate>20230101</enddate><creator>QIAN, Ting Ting</creator><creator>SUN, Rong</creator><creator>LIU, Lan Chun</creator><creator>CHE, Wen Jing</creator><creator>ZHAO, Meng</creator><creator>ZHANG, Ling</creator><creator>LI, Wei Dong</creator><creator>JIA, Qing Zhen</creator><creator>WANG, Jian Hui</creator><creator>LI, Jin Shu</creator><creator>CHEN, Zhi Hui</creator><creator>ZHANG, Bi Yun</creator><creator>LIU, Peng</creator><general>Elsevier B.V</general><general>Endemic Disease Control Center,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081,Heilongjiang,China%Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Xinjiang Uygur Autonomous Region,Urumqi 830002,Xinjiang,China%Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Anhui Province,Hefei 230601,Anhui,China%Institute of Endemic Disease Prevention and Control in Shanxi province,Linfen 041000,Shanxi,China%Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Liaoning Province,Shenyang 110000,Liaoning,China%Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Sichuan Province,Chengdu 610041,Sichuan,China%Center for disease control and prevention in Fujian province,Fuzhou 350012,Fujian,China%Center for Disease Control and Prevention in Hubei Province,Wuhan 430079,Hubei,China%Endemic Disease Control Center,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention.Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081,Heilongjiang,China</general><general>Key lab of Etiology and Epidemiology,Education Bureau of Heilongjiang Province&Ministry of Health,Microelement and human health lab of Heilongjiang Province,Center for Endemic Disease Control,Chinese Center for Disease Control and Prevention,Harbin Medical University,Harbin 150081,Heilongjiang,China</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>7X8</scope><scope>2B.</scope><scope>4A8</scope><scope>92I</scope><scope>93N</scope><scope>PSX</scope><scope>TCJ</scope></search><sort><creationdate>20230101</creationdate><title>Relationship between Dining Place, Iodine Source, and Iodine Nutrition in School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in China</title><author>QIAN, Ting Ting ; SUN, Rong ; LIU, Lan Chun ; CHE, Wen Jing ; ZHAO, Meng ; ZHANG, Ling ; LI, Wei Dong ; JIA, Qing Zhen ; WANG, Jian Hui ; LI, Jin Shu ; CHEN, Zhi Hui ; ZHANG, Bi Yun ; LIU, Peng</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-e286t-d23b30ceab09d3efbc03e992615deb8585d554dac7937df3524174e55fb33bc73</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2023</creationdate><topic>Child</topic><topic>China</topic><topic>Cross-Sectional Studies</topic><topic>Dining place</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Iodine</topic><topic>Iodine-rich processed foods</topic><topic>Nutritional Status</topic><topic>Sodium Chloride, Dietary - analysis</topic><topic>Source of iodine</topic><topic>Urinary iodine</topic><topic>Water</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>QIAN, Ting Ting</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>SUN, Rong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LIU, Lan Chun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CHE, Wen Jing</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ZHAO, Meng</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ZHANG, Ling</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LI, Wei Dong</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>JIA, Qing Zhen</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>WANG, Jian Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LI, Jin Shu</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>CHEN, Zhi Hui</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>ZHANG, Bi Yun</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>LIU, Peng</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><collection>Wanfang Data Journals - Hong Kong</collection><collection>WANFANG Data Centre</collection><collection>Wanfang Data Journals</collection><collection>万方数据期刊 - 香港版</collection><collection>China Online Journals (COJ)</collection><collection>China Online Journals (COJ)</collection><jtitle>Biomedical and environmental sciences</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>QIAN, Ting Ting</au><au>SUN, Rong</au><au>LIU, Lan Chun</au><au>CHE, Wen Jing</au><au>ZHAO, Meng</au><au>ZHANG, Ling</au><au>LI, Wei Dong</au><au>JIA, Qing Zhen</au><au>WANG, Jian Hui</au><au>LI, Jin Shu</au><au>CHEN, Zhi Hui</au><au>ZHANG, Bi Yun</au><au>LIU, Peng</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>Relationship between Dining Place, Iodine Source, and Iodine Nutrition in School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in China</atitle><jtitle>Biomedical and environmental sciences</jtitle><addtitle>Biomed Environ Sci</addtitle><date>2023-01-01</date><risdate>2023</risdate><volume>36</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>10</spage><epage>23</epage><pages>10-23</pages><issn>0895-3988</issn><eissn>2214-0190</eissn><abstract>This study assesses the impact of iodine-rich processed foods and dining places on the iodine nutritional status of children.
School-aged children (SAC) in seven provinces in China were selected by school-based multistage sampling. Urinary iodine, salt iodine, and thyroid volume (TVOL) were determined. Questionnaires were used to investigate dining places and iodine-rich processed foods. The water iodine was from the 2017 national survey. Multi-factor regression analysis was used to find correlations between variables.
Children ate 78.7% of their meals at home, 15.1% at school canteens, and 6.1% at other places. The percentage of daily iodine intake from water, iodized salt, iodine-rich processed foods, and cooked food were 1.0%, 79.2%, 1.5%, and 18.4%, respectively. The salt iodine was correlated with the urinary iodine and TVOL, respectively (r = 0.999 and -0.997, P < 0.05). The iodine intake in processed foods was weakly correlated with the TVOL (r = 0.080, P < 0.01). Non-iodized salt used in processed foods or diets when eating out had less effect on children’s iodine nutrition status.
Iodized salt remains the primary source of daily iodine intake of SAC, and processed food has less effect on iodine nutrition. Therefore, for children, iodized salt should be a compulsory supplement in their routine diet.</abstract><cop>China</cop><pub>Elsevier B.V</pub><pmid>36650678</pmid><doi>10.3967/bes2023.002</doi><tpages>14</tpages></addata></record> |
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subjects | Child China Cross-Sectional Studies Dining place Humans Iodine Iodine-rich processed foods Nutritional Status Sodium Chloride, Dietary - analysis Source of iodine Urinary iodine Water |
title | Relationship between Dining Place, Iodine Source, and Iodine Nutrition in School-Age Children: A Cross-Sectional Study in China |
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