Genesis and Characteristics of Miocene Deep‐water Clastic Rocks in Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan Basins, Northern South China Sea

Various deep‐water deposits developed in the Yinggehai Basin and Qiongdongnan Basin (Ying‐Qiong Basin) in the northern South China Sea, making the two basins significantly hydrocarbon‐producing areas and ideal for studying the genetic mechanism and sedimentary characteristics of deep‐water clastic r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Acta geologica Sinica (Beijing) 2021-02, Vol.95 (1), p.153-166
Main Authors: FAN, Caiwei, XU, Changgui, XU, Jie
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Basins
Bottom currents
Continental slope
Cores
Debris flow
deep‐water sandstone
Deposits
Fault zones
genesis
Geological faults
Gravity
Logging
Marine environment
Mineral assemblages
Miocene
Ocean basins
Rock
Rocks
Sea currents
Seismic data
Slope environment
Slump structures
Slumping
Tectonics
Turbidity
Turbidity currents
Water
Well logging
Yinggehai and Qiongdongnan Basins
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Summary:Various deep‐water deposits developed in the Yinggehai Basin and Qiongdongnan Basin (Ying‐Qiong Basin) in the northern South China Sea, making the two basins significantly hydrocarbon‐producing areas and ideal for studying the genetic mechanism and sedimentary characteristics of deep‐water clastic rocks. Using cores, image well logging, heavy mineral assemblages, and seismic data, we thoroughly studied the geometry, tectonic background, driving mechanism, and source‐to‐sink process of deep‐water deposits in the study area. The results showed that: (1) there were five genetic mechanisms of deep‐water clastic rock, i.e., slides, slumps, debris flows, turbidity currents, and bottom currents. (2) The sliding deposits were distributed from the delta front to the continental slope toe. The slumping deposits were mainly distributed at the continental slope toe or the basin's central area, far from the delta front. The turbidity deposits were widely developed in the deep‐water area, but with huge differences in thickness. The bottom currents mainly reworked previous deposits far from the slope. (3) Slip and extension along the preexisting fault zone were the main structural factors that drive the axial channel formation at the slope foot. (4) The sand‐rich gravity sediment flows in the Ying‐Qiong basin were primarily caused by the direct supply of terrigenous debris into the marine environment over the slope break.
ISSN:1000-9515
1755-6724
DOI:10.1111/1755-6724.14637