The relationships of solar flares with both sunspot and geomagnetic activity

• Published in: Research in astronomy and astrophysics 2012-04, Vol.12 (4), p.400-410
• Main Authors: Du, Zhan-Le, Wang, Hua-Ning
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 响应模型; 地磁活动; 太阳活动周期; 太阳耀斑; 太阳黑子活动; 持续时间; 时间尺度; 线性关系
• ISSN: 1674-4527; 2397-6209
• DOI: 10.1088/1674-4527/12/4/004

The relationships between solar flare parameters （total importance, time duration, flare index, and flux） and sunspot activity （R z ） as well as those between geomagnetic activity （aa index） and the flare parameters can be well described by an integral response model with the response time scales of about 8 and 13 months, respectively. Compared with linear relationships, the correlation coefficients of the flare parameters with R z , of aa with the flare parameters, and of aa with R z based on this model have increased about 6%, 17%, and 47% on average, respectively. The time delays between the flare parameters with respect to R z , aa to the flare parameters, and aa to R z at their peaks in a solar cycle can be predicted in part by this model （82%, 47%, and 78%, respectively）. These results may be further improved when using a cosine filter with a wider window. It implies that solar flares are related to the accumulation of solar magnetic energy in the past through a time decay factor. The above results may help us to understand the mechanism of solar flares and to improve the prediction of the solar flares.