Water soluble components of PM10 Chongqing, China

• Published in: Acta geochimica 2005-04, Vol.24 (2), p.155-157
• Main Author: 罗清泉 鲜学福 陈刚才 杨清玲
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air quality; Air quality standards; Atmospheric particulates; Calcium; Calcium ions; Cellulose; Chlorides; Chromatography; Coal; Coefficients; Correlation coefficient; Correlation coefficients; Geochemistry; Industrial areas; Ions; Magnesium; Outdoor air quality; Particulate matter; Pollution; Residential areas; Seasons; Sodium; Water chemistry; Water pollution; 大气污染; 水溶解离子; 硫氧化物; 颗粒尺寸
• ISSN: 1000-9426; 2096-0956; 1993-0364; 2365-7499
• DOI: 10.1007/bf02841159

The concentrations of water soluble ions ( Na^+ , NH4^+ , K^+ , Mg^+ , Ca^2+ , NO3^- , Cl^- , and SO4^2- ) in PM10 samples collected on cellulose filters by a medium-volume cascade impactor were determined, which were obtained from three kinds of areas in Chongqing: industrial area (Jiulongpo district) ,commercial and residential area (Jiangbei district) and background area (Jinyun Mountain in the Beibei district). The resuhs showed that except for the background site, the annual average values of PM10 are 23% -61% higher than the national air quality standard (Grade Ⅱ ) (0.1 mg/m^3) , even that the value of the control site is still 20% higher than American standard (0.05 mg/m^3 ). This implied that serious pollution of fine particles occurred in Chongqing. Nine kinds of soluble ions in water of PM10 were analyzed by ion chromatography (IC) and the annual average concentrations follow the order of [ SO4^2-] >[NO3^-] >[Cl^-] >[F^-], and [Ca^2+] >[NH4^+] >[K^+] >[Na^+] >[Mg^2+]Their values were different in these areas : the industrial area > the commercial and living area > the control area. As for NH4^+,K^+ , Ca^2+, NO3^- and SO4^2- , their seasonal average concentrations show a similar variation trend: the values in spring and fall were higher than those in summer and winter. The seasonal average concentrations of[ Cl^- ], [ F^- ], [ Na^+] and [ Mg^2+ ] are much lower than those of other ions. However, the concentrations of [ Na^+] changed more greatly in different seasons than those of the other three ions. Correlation coefficients showed that the three areas have been polluted by coal smoke and dust to different extents,while some local resources of pollution should be taken into consideration as well.