External beam irradiation and the combination of cisplatin and carmustine followed by carmustine alone for the treatment of high‐grade glioma

• Published in: Cancer 2008-08, Vol.113 (3), p.559-565
• Main Authors: Blumenthal, Deborah T., Rankin, Cathryn, Eyre, Harmon J., Livingston, Robert B., Spence, Alexander M., Stelzer, Keith J., Rushing, Elisabeth J., Berger, Mitchel S., Rivkin, Saul E., Cohn, Allen L., Petersdorf, Stephen H.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: carmustine/cisplatin combination; high‒grade glioma; multimodality therapy; prognosis; Southwest Oncology Group
• ISSN: 0008-543X; 1097-0142
• DOI: 10.1002/cncr.23585

BACKGROUND. The poor prognosis reported for patients with high‒grade glial neoplasms indicates a need for the development of multimodality therapeutic approaches. The addition of chemotherapy has contributed variably to increased survival. The objective of the current study (Southwest Oncology Group [SWOG] 9016) was to determine whether concurrent radiotherapy and chemotherapy with the combination of carmustine and cisplatin could be given safely in a cooperative group setting. Additional objectives included the estimation of response rate, the rate of disease stabilization, and the probability of 1‐year survival. METHODS. SWOG 9016 study included 59 eligible patients with grade III or IV astrocytoma who received radiotherapy concurrently with carmustine/cisplatin chemotherapy. Patients were required to have either measurable or evaluable disease. The therapeutic endpoints were comprised of complete response (CR), partial response (PR), or progressive disease (PD). RESULTS. Six patients achieved a CR (CR rate of 10%; 95% confidence interval [95% CI], 4–21%), 4 achieved a PR (PR rate of 7%; 95% CI, 2–16%), and 2 patients (3%) experienced an unconfirmed response. Twenty‐four patients (41%; 95% CI, 28–54%) had stable disease and 10 patients (17%) demonstrated PD. The overall disease stabilization rate (CR + PR + stable disease, excluding unconfirmed response) was 58% (95% CI, 44–70%). CONCLUSIONS. Despite the presence of a cohort of long‒term survivors, the results of the current study do not appear to support the additional studyor routine use of concurrent cisplatin and carmustine. Cancer 2008. © 2008 American Cancer Society. The Southwest Oncology Group evaluated carmustine and cisplatin in combination with external beam radiotherapy for the treatment of patients with high‒grade gliomas. Despite the presence of a cohort of long‒term survivors, the current study results do not suggest an improvement over treatment with radiotherapy and carmustine alone.