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The interplay between internal and external load parameters during different strength training sessions in resistance-trained men
External load influences internal load in resistance training (RT). The purpose of the present study was to compare the total volume-load, perceptual and stress responses during three different RT protocols. Twelve resistance-trained men completed three different RT protocols with the back squat and...
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| Published in: | European journal of sport science 2021-01, Vol.21 (1), p.16-25 |
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| container_title | European journal of sport science |
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| creator | Martorelli, André S. De Lima, Filipe D. Vieira, Amilton Tufano, James J. Ernesto, Carlos Boullosa, Daniel Bottaro, Martim |
| description | External load influences internal load in resistance training (RT). The purpose of the present study was to compare the total volume-load, perceptual and stress responses during three different RT protocols. Twelve resistance-trained men completed three different RT protocols with the back squat and bench press exercises: (1) power (POW) (5 sets of 6 repetitions at 50%1RM, 2-min of rest), (2) hypertrophy (HYP) (5 sets-to-failure at 75%1RM, 2-min of rest), and (3) strength (STR) (5 sets-to-failure at 90%1RM, 3-min of rest). Volume-load (kg × reps.), session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), training impulse (TRIMP; reps. × sRPE), cortisol, immunoglobulin A (IgA), lactate, and creatine kinase (CK) were assessed before and/or after the sessions. HYP was the most demanding session in terms of volume-load (p |
| doi_str_mv | 10.1080/17461391.2020.1725646 |
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The purpose of the present study was to compare the total volume-load, perceptual and stress responses during three different RT protocols. Twelve resistance-trained men completed three different RT protocols with the back squat and bench press exercises: (1) power (POW) (5 sets of 6 repetitions at 50%1RM, 2-min of rest), (2) hypertrophy (HYP) (5 sets-to-failure at 75%1RM, 2-min of rest), and (3) strength (STR) (5 sets-to-failure at 90%1RM, 3-min of rest). Volume-load (kg × reps.), session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), training impulse (TRIMP; reps. × sRPE), cortisol, immunoglobulin A (IgA), lactate, and creatine kinase (CK) were assessed before and/or after the sessions. HYP was the most demanding session in terms of volume-load (p < 0.001), TRIMP (p < 0.001), cortisol (p = 0.001), lactate (p < 0.001), and CK (p = 0.001). Despite POW exhibited a greater volume-load than STR (p = 0.016), the latter exhibiting a greater sRPE (p < 0.001), and a greater post-session CK (p = 0.05). However, the TRIMP of STR and POW were not statistically different (152 vs. 260 AU; p = 0.089). These specific responses could be meditated by the presence of muscular failure. When pooling all the sessions, significant correlations were revealed among external and internal stress markers (r = 0.35-0.80; p ≤ 0.05). The use of TRIMP could be recommended as a simple and valid monitoring tool which integrates into a single parameter the internal and the external loads of RT sessions.</description><identifier>ISSN: 1746-1391</identifier><identifier>EISSN: 1536-7290</identifier><identifier>DOI: 10.1080/17461391.2020.1725646</identifier><identifier>PMID: 32008472</identifier><language>eng</language><publisher>England: Routledge</publisher><subject>Adult ; Analysis of Variance ; Biomarkers - blood ; Creatine Kinase - blood ; Humans ; Hydrocortisone - blood ; Hypertrophy ; Immunoglobulin A - blood ; Internal load ; Lactic Acid - blood ; Male ; Muscle Development - physiology ; muscle hypertrophy ; Muscle Strength - physiology ; muscular power ; muscular strength ; perceptual responses ; Physical Exertion - physiology ; repetitions-to-failure ; resistance training ; Resistance Training - methods ; Weight Lifting - physiology ; Young Adult</subject><ispartof>European journal of sport science, 2021-01, Vol.21 (1), p.16-25</ispartof><rights>2020 European College of Sport Science 2020</rights><rights>European College of Sport Science</rights><lds50>peer_reviewed</lds50><woscitedreferencessubscribed>false</woscitedreferencessubscribed><citedby>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4210-57167a542ace6e8cdd9bc6c23c5f1a9fb0125a09b2b5845e9a60515ec6f866c13</citedby><cites>FETCH-LOGICAL-c4210-57167a542ace6e8cdd9bc6c23c5f1a9fb0125a09b2b5845e9a60515ec6f866c13</cites><orcidid>0000-0002-6027-4367 ; 0000-0002-8477-127X ; 0000-0001-8325-0344 ; 0000-0003-2397-5866</orcidid></display><links><openurl>$$Topenurl_article</openurl><openurlfulltext>$$Topenurlfull_article</openurlfulltext><thumbnail>$$Tsyndetics_thumb_exl</thumbnail><link.rule.ids>314,780,784,27924,27925</link.rule.ids><backlink>$$Uhttps://www.ncbi.nlm.nih.gov/pubmed/32008472$$D View this record in MEDLINE/PubMed$$Hfree_for_read</backlink></links><search><creatorcontrib>Martorelli, André S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Lima, Filipe D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vieira, Amilton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tufano, James J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ernesto, Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boullosa, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bottaro, Martim</creatorcontrib><title>The interplay between internal and external load parameters during different strength training sessions in resistance-trained men</title><title>European journal of sport science</title><addtitle>Eur J Sport Sci</addtitle><description>External load influences internal load in resistance training (RT). The purpose of the present study was to compare the total volume-load, perceptual and stress responses during three different RT protocols. Twelve resistance-trained men completed three different RT protocols with the back squat and bench press exercises: (1) power (POW) (5 sets of 6 repetitions at 50%1RM, 2-min of rest), (2) hypertrophy (HYP) (5 sets-to-failure at 75%1RM, 2-min of rest), and (3) strength (STR) (5 sets-to-failure at 90%1RM, 3-min of rest). Volume-load (kg × reps.), session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), training impulse (TRIMP; reps. × sRPE), cortisol, immunoglobulin A (IgA), lactate, and creatine kinase (CK) were assessed before and/or after the sessions. HYP was the most demanding session in terms of volume-load (p < 0.001), TRIMP (p < 0.001), cortisol (p = 0.001), lactate (p < 0.001), and CK (p = 0.001). Despite POW exhibited a greater volume-load than STR (p = 0.016), the latter exhibiting a greater sRPE (p < 0.001), and a greater post-session CK (p = 0.05). However, the TRIMP of STR and POW were not statistically different (152 vs. 260 AU; p = 0.089). These specific responses could be meditated by the presence of muscular failure. When pooling all the sessions, significant correlations were revealed among external and internal stress markers (r = 0.35-0.80; p ≤ 0.05). The use of TRIMP could be recommended as a simple and valid monitoring tool which integrates into a single parameter the internal and the external loads of RT sessions.</description><subject>Adult</subject><subject>Analysis of Variance</subject><subject>Biomarkers - blood</subject><subject>Creatine Kinase - blood</subject><subject>Humans</subject><subject>Hydrocortisone - blood</subject><subject>Hypertrophy</subject><subject>Immunoglobulin A - blood</subject><subject>Internal load</subject><subject>Lactic Acid - blood</subject><subject>Male</subject><subject>Muscle Development - physiology</subject><subject>muscle hypertrophy</subject><subject>Muscle Strength - physiology</subject><subject>muscular power</subject><subject>muscular strength</subject><subject>perceptual responses</subject><subject>Physical Exertion - physiology</subject><subject>repetitions-to-failure</subject><subject>resistance training</subject><subject>Resistance Training - methods</subject><subject>Weight Lifting - physiology</subject><subject>Young Adult</subject><issn>1746-1391</issn><issn>1536-7290</issn><fulltext>true</fulltext><rsrctype>article</rsrctype><creationdate>2021</creationdate><recordtype>article</recordtype><recordid>eNqNkE1v1DAQhi1ERUvhJ4B85JLij9hJLgi66gdVJQ6Us-XY49bIcRbbq2WP_HO8ZMux6mlm3nnntfUg9I6SM0p68pF2raR8oGeMsCp1TMhWvkAnVHDZdGwgL2tfPc3edIxe5_yTkCqw_hU65oyQvu3YCfpz9wDYxwJpHfQOj1C2AHFRog5YR4vh92EIs7Z4rZOeoCoZ203y8R5b7xwkiAXnUst9ecAlaR_3uww5-znmmogTZJ-Ljgaaf3uweIL4Bh05HTK8PdRT9OPy4m513dx-u_q6-nLbmJZR0oiOyk6LlmkDEnpj7TAaaRg3wlE9uJFQJjQZRjaKvhUwaEkEFWCk66U0lJ-iD0vuOs2_NpCLmnw2EIKOMG-yYlwQXpkwXq1isZo055zAqXXyk047RYna01eP9NWevjrQr3fvD09sxgns_6tH3NXwaTFsfYDd81LVxc331fkloaInNeDzEuCjm9Okt3MKVhW9C3NyqaL1WfGnP_kXmmuoPw</recordid><startdate>202101</startdate><enddate>202101</enddate><creator>Martorelli, André S.</creator><creator>De Lima, Filipe D.</creator><creator>Vieira, Amilton</creator><creator>Tufano, James J.</creator><creator>Ernesto, Carlos</creator><creator>Boullosa, Daniel</creator><creator>Bottaro, Martim</creator><general>Routledge</general><scope>CGR</scope><scope>CUY</scope><scope>CVF</scope><scope>ECM</scope><scope>EIF</scope><scope>NPM</scope><scope>AAYXX</scope><scope>CITATION</scope><scope>7X8</scope><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-4367</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8477-127X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-0344</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2397-5866</orcidid></search><sort><creationdate>202101</creationdate><title>The interplay between internal and external load parameters during different strength training sessions in resistance-trained men</title><author>Martorelli, André S. ; De Lima, Filipe D. ; Vieira, Amilton ; Tufano, James J. ; Ernesto, Carlos ; Boullosa, Daniel ; Bottaro, Martim</author></sort><facets><frbrtype>5</frbrtype><frbrgroupid>cdi_FETCH-LOGICAL-c4210-57167a542ace6e8cdd9bc6c23c5f1a9fb0125a09b2b5845e9a60515ec6f866c13</frbrgroupid><rsrctype>articles</rsrctype><prefilter>articles</prefilter><language>eng</language><creationdate>2021</creationdate><topic>Adult</topic><topic>Analysis of Variance</topic><topic>Biomarkers - blood</topic><topic>Creatine Kinase - blood</topic><topic>Humans</topic><topic>Hydrocortisone - blood</topic><topic>Hypertrophy</topic><topic>Immunoglobulin A - blood</topic><topic>Internal load</topic><topic>Lactic Acid - blood</topic><topic>Male</topic><topic>Muscle Development - physiology</topic><topic>muscle hypertrophy</topic><topic>Muscle Strength - physiology</topic><topic>muscular power</topic><topic>muscular strength</topic><topic>perceptual responses</topic><topic>Physical Exertion - physiology</topic><topic>repetitions-to-failure</topic><topic>resistance training</topic><topic>Resistance Training - methods</topic><topic>Weight Lifting - physiology</topic><topic>Young Adult</topic><toplevel>peer_reviewed</toplevel><toplevel>online_resources</toplevel><creatorcontrib>Martorelli, André S.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>De Lima, Filipe D.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Vieira, Amilton</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Tufano, James J.</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Ernesto, Carlos</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Boullosa, Daniel</creatorcontrib><creatorcontrib>Bottaro, Martim</creatorcontrib><collection>Medline</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE (Ovid)</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>MEDLINE</collection><collection>PubMed</collection><collection>CrossRef</collection><collection>MEDLINE - Academic</collection><jtitle>European journal of sport science</jtitle></facets><delivery><delcategory>Remote Search Resource</delcategory><fulltext>fulltext</fulltext></delivery><addata><au>Martorelli, André S.</au><au>De Lima, Filipe D.</au><au>Vieira, Amilton</au><au>Tufano, James J.</au><au>Ernesto, Carlos</au><au>Boullosa, Daniel</au><au>Bottaro, Martim</au><format>journal</format><genre>article</genre><ristype>JOUR</ristype><atitle>The interplay between internal and external load parameters during different strength training sessions in resistance-trained men</atitle><jtitle>European journal of sport science</jtitle><addtitle>Eur J Sport Sci</addtitle><date>2021-01</date><risdate>2021</risdate><volume>21</volume><issue>1</issue><spage>16</spage><epage>25</epage><pages>16-25</pages><issn>1746-1391</issn><eissn>1536-7290</eissn><abstract>External load influences internal load in resistance training (RT). The purpose of the present study was to compare the total volume-load, perceptual and stress responses during three different RT protocols. Twelve resistance-trained men completed three different RT protocols with the back squat and bench press exercises: (1) power (POW) (5 sets of 6 repetitions at 50%1RM, 2-min of rest), (2) hypertrophy (HYP) (5 sets-to-failure at 75%1RM, 2-min of rest), and (3) strength (STR) (5 sets-to-failure at 90%1RM, 3-min of rest). Volume-load (kg × reps.), session rating of perceived exertion (sRPE), training impulse (TRIMP; reps. × sRPE), cortisol, immunoglobulin A (IgA), lactate, and creatine kinase (CK) were assessed before and/or after the sessions. HYP was the most demanding session in terms of volume-load (p < 0.001), TRIMP (p < 0.001), cortisol (p = 0.001), lactate (p < 0.001), and CK (p = 0.001). Despite POW exhibited a greater volume-load than STR (p = 0.016), the latter exhibiting a greater sRPE (p < 0.001), and a greater post-session CK (p = 0.05). However, the TRIMP of STR and POW were not statistically different (152 vs. 260 AU; p = 0.089). These specific responses could be meditated by the presence of muscular failure. When pooling all the sessions, significant correlations were revealed among external and internal stress markers (r = 0.35-0.80; p ≤ 0.05). The use of TRIMP could be recommended as a simple and valid monitoring tool which integrates into a single parameter the internal and the external loads of RT sessions.</abstract><cop>England</cop><pub>Routledge</pub><pmid>32008472</pmid><doi>10.1080/17461391.2020.1725646</doi><tpages>10</tpages><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-6027-4367</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0002-8477-127X</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0001-8325-0344</orcidid><orcidid>https://orcid.org/0000-0003-2397-5866</orcidid></addata></record> |
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| ispartof | European journal of sport science, 2021-01, Vol.21 (1), p.16-25 |
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| source | EBSCOhost SPORTDiscus with Full Text |
| subjects | Adult Analysis of Variance Biomarkers - blood Creatine Kinase - blood Humans Hydrocortisone - blood Hypertrophy Immunoglobulin A - blood Internal load Lactic Acid - blood Male Muscle Development - physiology muscle hypertrophy Muscle Strength - physiology muscular power muscular strength perceptual responses Physical Exertion - physiology repetitions-to-failure resistance training Resistance Training - methods Weight Lifting - physiology Young Adult |
| title | The interplay between internal and external load parameters during different strength training sessions in resistance-trained men |
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