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Heat transfer and residence time in lean direct injection fuel galleries

In radially staged lean direct injection systems, pilot fuel plays an important role in cooling the mains fuel gallery in regions of the flight envelope where the mains fuel is stagnant. Under these conditions, managing wetted wall temperatures is vital to avoid the formation of carbonaceous particl...

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Main Authors: Tom Walker, Graham Peacock, Mark Brend, Clare Bonham, Jon Masters
Format: Default Article
Published: 2022
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Online Access:https://hdl.handle.net/2134/15023223.v1
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author Tom Walker
Graham Peacock
Mark Brend
Clare Bonham
Jon Masters
author_facet Tom Walker
Graham Peacock
Mark Brend
Clare Bonham
Jon Masters
author_sort Tom Walker (7468283)
collection Figshare
description In radially staged lean direct injection systems, pilot fuel plays an important role in cooling the mains fuel gallery in regions of the flight envelope where the mains fuel is stagnant. Under these conditions, managing wetted wall temperatures is vital to avoid the formation of carbonaceous particles, which become deposited on the surfaces of the fuel gallery and can lead to a deterioration in system performance. The prediction of wetted wall temperatures therefore represents an important aspect of the injector design phase. Such predictions are often based on injector thermal models, which tend to rely on the application of convective boundary conditions from empirical heat transfer correlations. The use of these correlations leads to questions over the accuracy of predicted wetted wall temperatures and therefore uncertainty over the probability of deposition. This paper seeks to improve on the current situation by applying the inverse conduction technique to determine heat transfer coefficients specific to the pilot fuel gallery. These heat transfer coefficients are crucial for determining wetted wall temperatures in the pilot and mains fuel galleries and principally govern the risk of deposition in the stagnant mains. The pilot heat transfer data is further examined alongside measurements of the pilot residence time distribution, which together control the risk of pilot deposition at low fuel flow rates. Both the heat transfer and residence time measurements demonstrate the opportunity for future fuel gallery design refinement and provide the supporting data to facilitate this.
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institution Loughborough University
publishDate 2022
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spelling rr-article-150232232022-02-21T00:00:00Z Heat transfer and residence time in lean direct injection fuel galleries Tom Walker (7468283) Graham Peacock (1247709) Mark Brend (1249170) Clare Bonham (1248966) Jon Masters (11160120) Aerospace engineering not elsewhere classified Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified Energy Aerospace Engineering Mechanical Engineering <div>In radially staged lean direct injection systems, pilot fuel plays an important role in cooling the mains fuel gallery in regions of the flight envelope where the mains fuel is stagnant. Under these conditions, managing wetted wall temperatures is vital to avoid the formation of carbonaceous particles, which become deposited on the surfaces of the fuel gallery and can lead to a deterioration in system performance. The prediction of wetted wall temperatures therefore represents an important aspect of the injector design phase. Such predictions are often based on injector thermal models, which tend to rely on the application of convective boundary conditions from empirical heat transfer correlations. The use of these correlations leads to questions over the accuracy of predicted wetted wall temperatures and therefore uncertainty over the probability of deposition. This paper seeks to improve on the current situation by applying the inverse conduction technique to determine heat transfer coefficients specific to the pilot fuel gallery. These heat transfer coefficients are crucial for determining wetted wall temperatures in the pilot and mains fuel galleries and principally govern the risk of deposition in the stagnant mains. The pilot heat transfer data is further examined alongside measurements of the pilot residence time distribution, which together control the risk of pilot deposition at low fuel flow rates. Both the heat transfer and residence time measurements demonstrate the opportunity for future fuel gallery design refinement and provide the supporting data to facilitate this.</div> 2022-02-21T00:00:00Z Text Journal contribution 2134/15023223.v1 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Heat_transfer_and_residence_time_in_lean_direct_injection_fuel_galleries/15023223 CC BY 4.0
spellingShingle Aerospace engineering not elsewhere classified
Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified
Energy
Aerospace Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
Tom Walker
Graham Peacock
Mark Brend
Clare Bonham
Jon Masters
Heat transfer and residence time in lean direct injection fuel galleries
title Heat transfer and residence time in lean direct injection fuel galleries
title_full Heat transfer and residence time in lean direct injection fuel galleries
title_fullStr Heat transfer and residence time in lean direct injection fuel galleries
title_full_unstemmed Heat transfer and residence time in lean direct injection fuel galleries
title_short Heat transfer and residence time in lean direct injection fuel galleries
title_sort heat transfer and residence time in lean direct injection fuel galleries
topic Aerospace engineering not elsewhere classified
Mechanical engineering not elsewhere classified
Energy
Aerospace Engineering
Mechanical Engineering
url https://hdl.handle.net/2134/15023223.v1