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Investigating optimal technique in a noisy environment: application to the upstart on uneven bars
The upstart is a fundamental skill in gymnastics which is used to transfer a gymnast from a swing beneath the bar to a position above the bar. The aim of this study was to optimise the technique in the upstart on the uneven bars in order to determine the underlying control strategy used by gymnasts....
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| Format: | Default Article |
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2013
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| Online Access: | https://hdl.handle.net/2134/12288 |
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| _version_ | 1818174047928713216 |
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| author | Michael Hiley Fred Yeadon |
| author_facet | Michael Hiley Fred Yeadon |
| author_sort | Michael Hiley (1255668) |
| collection | Figshare |
| description | The upstart is a fundamental skill in gymnastics which is used to transfer a gymnast from a swing beneath the bar to a position above the bar. The aim of this study was to optimise the technique in the upstart on the uneven bars in order to determine the underlying control strategy used by gymnasts. A previous attempt based on minimising joint torque had failed to find a satisfactory solution without forcing the joint angle histories to pass through a “via-point” (Yamasaki et al., 2010). Using a computer simulation model of a gymnast and bar, the technique (joint angle histories) used in the upstart was optimised under three different criteria: minimising joint torque, minimising joint torque change and maximising success in the presence of movement variability. The third optimisation introduced “noise” into the joint angle time histories based on measurements of kinematic variability. All three optimisations were started from the technique used by a gymnast competing in an Olympic Games uneven bars final. Root mean squared (RMS) differences between the recorded and optimal joint angle time histories were computed. The two optimisations based on minimising joint torque diverged from the gymnast’s technique. However, the technique based on maximising the number of successful performances in a noisy environment remained close to the gymnast’s technique. It is concluded that the underlying strategy used in the upstart is not based on minimisation of joint torque; rather, it is based on ensuring success in the task despite the inherent variability in technique. Gymnasts develop techniques that are able to cope with the level of kinematic variability present in their movements. |
| format | Default Article |
| id | rr-article-9618044 |
| institution | Loughborough University |
| publishDate | 2013 |
| record_format | Figshare |
| spelling | rr-article-96180442013-01-01T00:00:00Z Investigating optimal technique in a noisy environment: application to the upstart on uneven bars Michael Hiley (1255668) Fred Yeadon (1257390) Other health sciences not elsewhere classified untagged Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified The upstart is a fundamental skill in gymnastics which is used to transfer a gymnast from a swing beneath the bar to a position above the bar. The aim of this study was to optimise the technique in the upstart on the uneven bars in order to determine the underlying control strategy used by gymnasts. A previous attempt based on minimising joint torque had failed to find a satisfactory solution without forcing the joint angle histories to pass through a “via-point” (Yamasaki et al., 2010). Using a computer simulation model of a gymnast and bar, the technique (joint angle histories) used in the upstart was optimised under three different criteria: minimising joint torque, minimising joint torque change and maximising success in the presence of movement variability. The third optimisation introduced “noise” into the joint angle time histories based on measurements of kinematic variability. All three optimisations were started from the technique used by a gymnast competing in an Olympic Games uneven bars final. Root mean squared (RMS) differences between the recorded and optimal joint angle time histories were computed. The two optimisations based on minimising joint torque diverged from the gymnast’s technique. However, the technique based on maximising the number of successful performances in a noisy environment remained close to the gymnast’s technique. It is concluded that the underlying strategy used in the upstart is not based on minimisation of joint torque; rather, it is based on ensuring success in the task despite the inherent variability in technique. Gymnasts develop techniques that are able to cope with the level of kinematic variability present in their movements. 2013-01-01T00:00:00Z Text Journal contribution 2134/12288 https://figshare.com/articles/journal_contribution/Investigating_optimal_technique_in_a_noisy_environment_application_to_the_upstart_on_uneven_bars/9618044 CC BY-NC-ND 4.0 |
| spellingShingle | Other health sciences not elsewhere classified untagged Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified Michael Hiley Fred Yeadon Investigating optimal technique in a noisy environment: application to the upstart on uneven bars |
| title | Investigating optimal technique in a noisy environment: application to the upstart on uneven bars |
| title_full | Investigating optimal technique in a noisy environment: application to the upstart on uneven bars |
| title_fullStr | Investigating optimal technique in a noisy environment: application to the upstart on uneven bars |
| title_full_unstemmed | Investigating optimal technique in a noisy environment: application to the upstart on uneven bars |
| title_short | Investigating optimal technique in a noisy environment: application to the upstart on uneven bars |
| title_sort | investigating optimal technique in a noisy environment: application to the upstart on uneven bars |
| topic | Other health sciences not elsewhere classified untagged Medical and Health Sciences not elsewhere classified |
| url | https://hdl.handle.net/2134/12288 |