Encapsulation of bacteriophages, bacteriocins and endolysins in pH-responsive formulations for targeted-delivery and controlled release in the gastrointestinal tract by Kerry Richards

“…Membrane emulsification in pH-responsive formulations was used to encapsulate an E. coli specific bacteriocin (colicin Ia and E9). …”
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Microfluidic encapsulation of bacteriophages in nanoliposomes and macrophage intracellular trafficking studies by Salvo Cinquerrui

“…Bacteriophages are viruses able to infect and kill their bacterial host upon replication within it. …”
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Bioprocessing of bacteriophages and bacteriocins: continuous culture and downstream purification by Francesco Mancuso

“…Future industrial demand for large quantities of bacteriophages and bacteriocins imposes the development of a scalable production platform.In this PhD thesis, research on bioprocessing of bacteriophages K and T3 and one bacteriocin belonging to the subcategory of colicins, E9, has been conducted. The aims were to find the parameters involved in production of phages and colicin E9 using shake flasks and then exploiting them to perform continuous production of both phages and colicin E9 and showing the different outcomes when using complex medium (LB) and a synthetic medium (SM) using glucose as only carbon source.For the colicin E9 bioprocessing, tests for expression were carried out to measure when and for how long to induce for optimal protein production and the best conditions for production were an induction of 3 h with 1 mM of IPTG in LB medium and >10 h of induction with 1 mM of IPTG in SM. …”
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