Impact damage and damage tolerance of fibre reinforced advanced composite laminate structures by James C. Lloyd

“…Coupled with strike and rebound velocity measurementsa, non-linear relationship between IKE-damage area was established and a delamination threshold energy level of 1.1 J was calculated. …”
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Experimental impact damage resistance and tolerance study of symmetrical and unsymmetrical composite sandwich panels by Peter Nash

“…The primary aim of this research is to examine the impact damage resistance of various types of primarily carbon/epoxy skinned sandwich panels with varying skin thickness, skin lay-up, skin material, sandwich asymmetry and core density and investigate the residual in-plane compressive strengths of these panels with a specific focus on how the core of the sandwich contributes to the in-plane compressive behaviour. …”
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In-plane compression of preconditioned carbon/epoxy panels by Luis A. Rivera

“…Evidence of delamination propagation was found only in panels with large damages and was not sensitive to RCS. For low and intermediate IKEs the effect of impact damage could be simulated with a single delamination (2-mm thick panels) and 3 delaminations of medium size (4-mm thick panels). …”
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The effect of ion energy on reactivity and species selectivity in hexapole collision/reaction cell ICP-MS by Matthew A. Dexter, Helen Reid, Barry Sharp

“…The influence of IKEE and KED on the levels of plasma and analyte oxide (MO1) ions and on the 21(H3O)1/36Ar1 reactivity indicator ratio are considered. …”
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Thermodynamic and parametric optimisation of collision/reaction cells in plasma-source mass spectrometry by Matthew A. Dexter

“…Two distinct collision cell ion energy effects have been identified: the ion kinetic energy effect (IKEE) and kinetic energy discrimination (KED). …”
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