Correcting for sub-grid filtering effects in particle image velocimetry data by Adrian Spencer, David Hollis

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High resolution simulations of high Reynolds number jets with microjet injection by M.E. Rife, Gary Page

“…Two numerical grids were used for the simulations differing in the number of azimuthal cells. …”
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Investigation of wake-induced vibration interference between two staggered wave-cone cylinders at subcritical Reynolds number by Lin Zou, Di-wei Liu, Jian Liu, Hong-cheng Zuo, Yin-huan Zheng, Hao Xia

“…The streamwise pitch ratios (P / Dm) vary from 4 to 6 with a fixed incident angle α = 8°. Experimental measurements were also performed for the validation of the present numerical models. …”
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Large-eddy simulations of high Reynolds number jets with a suitable subgrid-scale model for solver dependency study by Matteo Angelino, Miguel Moratilla-Vega, Hao Xia, Gary Page

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String cavitation formation inside fuel injectors by Ben Reid, M. Gavaises, N. Mitroglou, Graham Hargrave, Colin Garner, R.M. McDavid

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Hybrid LES-RANS study on square cylinder unsteady heat transfer by Xiao-Sheng, Hao Xia

“…Flow passing a heated square cylinder is investigated using a hybrid LES-RANS approach on unstructured grids at a moderate Reynolds number of 22, 050. The implicit SGS is applied for LES and two turbulence models are tested for near-wall RANS: the Spalart-Allmaras model and the SST k-! …”
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The aerodynamic response of fuel injector passages to incident acoustic waves by Jialin Su, Andrew Garmory, Jon Carrotte

“…The response of the airflow passing through the injector to incident acoustic waves is therefore of interest. Airflow fluctuations can initiate, for example, perturbations in stoichiometry and velocity that are subsequently delivered into the heat release region. …”
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Characterisation of flow structures inside an engine cylinder under steady state condition by Saud Binjuwair

“…The experimental results show the advantage of using the planar technique (PIV) for investigating the complete flow structures developed inside the cylinder. It also highlighted areas where improvements need to be made to enhance the quality of the collected data in the vertical plane measurements. …”
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Optimisation of carbohydrate supplementation during endurance exercise in temperate and warm environments by Kirsty Reynolds

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Far-field noise prediction of round and serrated jets with increasingly refined grids by Matteo Angelino, Hao Xia, Miguel Moratilla-Vega, Gary Page

“…Solutions are obtained for a baseline axisymmetric (round) nozzle and a serrated (or chevron) nozzle with high bending and penetration, on grids ranging from 5 to 80 million grid points in order to assess the correlation between coarser and finer grid solutions. …”
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The response to incident acoustic waves of the flow field produced by a multi-passage lean-burn aero-engine fuel injector by Nicholas C. W. Treleaven, Jialin Su, Andrew Garmory, Gary Page

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Large eddy simulation of high speed convergent-divergent nozzle flows by Peng C. Wang

“…Such flows are critically dependent on turbulence modelling of the jet plume shear layer mixing. Reynolds averaged Navier Stokes (RANS) CFD tends to overpredict while Large Eddy Simulation (LES) CFD underpredicts potential core length. …”
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Direct analysis of potentially genotoxic impurities by thermal desorption-field asymmetric waveform ion mobility spectrometry-mass spectrometry by Robert W. Smith, Jim Reynolds, Sze-Ling Lee, Colin Creaser

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Numerical simulation of streamwise vorticity enhanced mixing by Hayder Salman

“…The main contribution of the present work is the assessment of a grid-based Reynolds-averaged solution procedure for the prediction of lobed mixer flows. …”
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Modelling of 3D anisotropic turbulent flow in compound channels by Keyur Vyas

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Direct detection of a sulfonate ester genotoxic impurity by atmospheric-pressure thermal desorption−extractive electrospray−mass spectrometry by Neil A. Devenport, Laura C. Sealey, Faisal H. Alruways, Daniel J. Weston, Jim Reynolds, Colin Creaser

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Large eddy simulation for automotive vortical flows in ground effect by Lara Schembri-Puglisevich

“…The size of the domain and high experimental Reynolds number make this case very challenging. After the challenges faced by the diffuser-equipped bluff body, the underbody region is isolated so that increased grid refinement can be achieved in this region and the calculation is run at a Reynolds number of 220, 000, reducing the computational requirement from the previous case. …”
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Large eddy simulation of turbulent unconfined swirling flows by K.K.J. Ranga-Dinesh, Weeratunge Malalasekera, Salah S. Ibrahim, M.P. Kirkpatrick

“…Most standard approaches such as k-e and Reynolds Stress models based Reynolds averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations which work very well in other situations fail to perform well in high swirl recirculating flows. …”
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Large-eddy simulation with modeled wall stress for complex aerodynamics and stall prediction by M Angelino, P Fernández-Yáñez, Hao Xia, Gary Page

“…An alternative approach, adopted here, is to extend the LES down to the wall, employing a relatively large near-wall normal grid spacing and avoiding grid stretching and high aspect ratios near the wall. …”
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Prediction of a non-isothermal three-dimensional mixing layer created by a scarfed lobed mixer by Hayder Salman, Jim McGuirk, Gary Page

“…Results for a two-dimensional planar shear layer flow indicated that quadrilateral grids yielded best results for a given grid resolution. …”
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Large eddy simulation of isothermal turbulent swirling jets by Weeratunge Malalasekera, Salah Ibrahim, K.K.J. Ranga-Dinesh, M.P. Kirkpatrick

“…The cases considered have swirl numbers ranging from 0 to 1.59 and Reynolds numbers from 32400 to 59000. With suitable inflow, outflow boundary conditions and sufficient grid resolutions the LES calculations found to be in good agreement with experimental data. …”
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On the optimisation of road vehicle leading edge radius in varying levels of freestream turbulence by Phil Newnham, Martin Passmore, Anthony Baxendale

“…Turbulence intensities up to 5% were generated by grids and had a strong effect on transcritical Reynolds number and Reynolds sensitivity at both model scale and full scale. …”
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Jet noise analysis using an efficient LES/high-order acoustic coupling method by Miguel Moratilla-Vega, Kilan Lackhove, J Janicka, Hao Xia, Gary Page

“…The present LES/APE framework is fist validated for 3D jet applications by studying the noise propagation of a low-Reynolds number case. Then the method is applied to a more realistic high Reynolds number jet obtaining encouraging results in terms of flow and acoustic predictions.…”
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Large eddy simulation of turbulent swirling flames by K.K.J. Ranga-Dinesh

“…An artificial inlet boundary condition method was implemented to generate instantaneous turbulent velocity fields that are imposed on the inflow boundary of the Cartesian grid. To improve the applicability of the code, various approaches were developed to improve stability and efficiency. …”
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Detached eddy simulation on the turbulent flow in a stirred tank by Jolius Gimbun, Chris Rielly, Zoltan Nagy, J.J. Derksen

“…The DES used here is based on the Spalart-Allmaras turbulence model solved on a grid containing about a million control volumes. …”
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Evaluation and reduction of numerical diffusion effects in viscous aerofoil flow calculations by P. Tattersall

“…The Reynolds-averaged Navier-Stokes (RANS) equations form the most accurate model of viscous flow which can currently be solved computationally on a routine basis for practical engineering problems, given the size and cost of present-day computers. …”
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Evaluation of LES and RANS CFD modelling of multiple steady states in natural ventilation by Faisal Durrani, Malcolm Cook, Jim McGuirk

“…The sub-grid scales of the flow have been modelled using a Van Driest damped Smagorinsky sub-grid scale model in the case of LES and an RNG k-ε turbulence model has been used for URANS. …”
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Computational study of jetlet structures in perforate silencers by Gary Page, C.D. Pokora

“…However, many predictions suffer from poor grid resolution and initial conditions resulting in poor development of the initial jet shear layer and consequent incorrect prediction of critical flow behaviour. …”
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Simulation and control of stationary crossflow vortices by Vinan I. Mistry

“…With careful grid spacing the laminar regions can be explicitly modelled as an unsteady Navier-Stokes simulation while the turbulent and transitional regions are simulated using LES. …”
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Large eddy simulation of a compressor cascade and the influence of spanwise domain by W.A. McMullan, Gary Page

“…A 'thin-slice' representation of the cascade is used as the reference grid, and the influence of a narrow span is studied by comparison simulations with a domain that has a span five times larger than the thin-slice grid. …”
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Patch-scale representation of vegetation within hydraulic models by Tim Marjoribanks, Richard J. Hardy, Stuart N. Lane, Matthew J. Tancock

“…The model is applied using three different grid resolutions (0.2, 0.1 & 0.05 m) using time-averaged solution methods and compared to field data. …”
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Use of wall suction in half model wind tunnel testing by Abdullah Mailk, Peter Render

“…Effects of localized suction were limited to Reynolds number of 0.44 x 10(6) and improvements were seen only near stall angles of attack. …”
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Numerical study of staggered tube bundle in turbulent cross flow for an optimum arrangement by Ahad Ramezanpour, Iraj Mirzaee, Ramin Rahmani, Hassan Shirvani

“…The RNG (Re-Normalization Group) k-ε turbulent model with modified constant of dissipation term in ε equation was applied. The Reynolds numbers (based on maximum mean velocity inside tube bundle and hydraulic diameter of tubes) of 1000, 5000, 10000, 100000; dimensionless spacing ratios between tubes parallel and normal to flow direction (Sp/D and Sn/D) in range of 0.6-3.0 and 1.0-2.9 respectively, and isothermal boundary condition on twelve rows of tubes inside symmetry computational domain were considered. …”
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Prediction and validation of the aerodynamic effects of simulated battle damage on aircraft wings by T.W. Pickhaver

“…The effects increased in magnitude with hole size, incidence and proximity of the upper surface hole to the pressure peak. …”
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Flow and surface heat transfer analysis of a square cylinder in turbulent cross-flow by Shaun Chen, Hao Xia

“…Flow passing a heated square cylinder is investigated using a hybrid LES-RANS approach on unstructured grids at a moderate Reynolds number of 22, 050. The effects of inflow turbulence on the flow field as well as surface convective heat transfer are studied by adopting a grid-based random-number method (GRM). …”
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Large eddy simulation of scalar mixing in jet in a cross-flow by Asela R. Uyanwaththa, Weeratunge Malalasekera, Graham Hargrave, Mark R. Dubal

“…A posteriori test is conducted to assess three dynamic Sub-Grid Scale models in modelling jet and cross-flow interaction with the boundary layer flow field. …”
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Validation of a large eddy simulation methodology for accelerated nozzle flows by PC Wang, Jim McGuirk

“…Simulations employed two sub-grid-scale (SGS) models; these produced similar predictions up to the end of the nozzle convergent section, but marked differences appeared for the nozzle exit turbulence field. …”
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A GPU-accelerated algorithm for solving Navier-Stokes equations by Daniel Botezelli, Elisan dos Santos Magalhaes, Davi Antônio dos Santos, Alain Kassab, Weeratunge Malalasekera

“…Results exhibit a significant advantage of the proposed method in terms of convergence rate compared to state-of-the-art techniques using varying grid resolutions and Reynolds numbers. Specifically, the strategy is nearly 850 times faster than parallel CPU-based code when utilizing an RTX 3090 Nvidia graphics card. …”
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Large eddy simulation of a controlled diffusion compressor cascade by W.A. McMullan, Gary Page

“…Near the design angle the computed suction side boundary layer thickness agrees well with experimental data, whilst the pressure side boundary layer is poorly predicted due to the inability of LES to capture natural boundary layer transition on the present grid. A good estimation of the loss is computed near the design angle, whilst at both high positive and negative incidences the loss is less well predicted owing to discrepancies between the computed and experimental boundary layer thickness. …”
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Computational and experimental study of a multi-stream swirler by Nicola J. Hughes

“…A solid model of the experimental geometry was created using a CAD package, which was extracted and used as direct input to the grid generator. A structured grid was employed, with the calculation including both flow through the swirler passages and in the downstream mixing duct. …”
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The influence of turbulence on the aerodynamic optimisation of bluff body road vehicles by P.S. Newnham

“…The transcritical Reynolds number based on edge radius was established as a basis for comparison between turbulence levels. …”
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Computational study of a battle damaged finite aspect ratio wing by Zhiyin Yang, Mujahid Samad-Suhaeb, Peter M. Render

“…Furthermore, the flow field inside the damage hole and in the region downstream of the jet have been analysed in more detail using CFD.…”
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Simulation of receptivity and induced transition from discrete roughness elements by Vinan I. Mistry, Gary Page, Jim McGuirk

“…The base flow considered was an ASU (67)-0315 aerofoil with 45 0 sweep at -2.9 0 incidence and with onset flow at a chord-based Reynolds number Re c= 2.4x10 6. …”
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Hydrodynamics and mass transfer studies of a confined plunging jet by Kueng-Chang Low

“…The effects of the three main operating variables investigated are the jet Reynolds number ReN, jet length to nozzle inside diameter ratio Lj/DN and the nozzle inside diameter DN. …”
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Nonlinear internal waves in the upper atmosphere by P. Caillol

“…A parametric instability analysis is carried out involving the Froude, Reynolds and Prandtl numbers, and the following parameters: friction, wave incidence and disturbance periodicity. …”
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Experimental investigation of flow and heat transfer characteristics on matrix ribbed channel by Bo Zhang, Quan Hong, Yuanyuan Dou, Honghu Ji, Rui Chen

“…The experiments results show that, in comparison to fully developed flow in a smooth pipe of equivalent hydraulic diameter, the Nusselt number inside the matrix-ribbed rectangular channel is increased up to 5 to 9 times higher, while total pressure drop is enlarged by up to significant magnitude. …”
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Investigation of the flowfield induced by simulated battle damage by Mathew Almond, Peter Render, Duncan Walker, A. Howlett

“…Wind tunnel tests were conducted at a Reynolds number of 500,000 over a range of incidences from 0 to 10◦ with two-component PIV measurements made on three chordwise and three spanwise planes. …”
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The influence of hole orientation on the aerodynamics of battle damaged wings by Peter Render, T.W. Pickhaver

“…The effects increased with incidence. Adding negative obliquity, where the upper surface hole was moved forward and the lower hole rearwards, increased the magnitude of these effects. …”
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Squeeze film lubrication of coupled stress electrically conducting inertial fluids in wide parallel rectangular conjunctions subjected to a magnetic field by M. Daliri, D. Jalali-Vahid, Homer Rahnejat

“…It is shown that, in general, couple stress fluids enhance the load carrying capacity of the contact and inhibit the incidence of thin films which can result in direct contact of surfaces. …”
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Stagnation temperature measurement using thin-film platinum resistance sensors by Clare Bonham, Steven J. Thorpe, Mark N. Erlund, Richard D. Stevenson

“…The performance of this so-called dual-skin probe has been measured through a series of tests at a range of Mach numbers, incidence angles and Reynolds numbers. The data reveal that a high probe recovery factor has been achieved with this device, and that the application of this design to engine tests would yield the measurement performance benefits of the PRT whilst requiring small levels of temperature recovery compensation.…”
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