Daily probiotic's (lactobacillus casei shirota) reduction of infection incidence in athletes by Michael Gleeson, Nicolette Bishop, Marta Oliveira, Pedro Tauler

“…Severity and duration of symptoms were not significantly different between treatments. Saliva IgA concentration was higher on PRO than PLA, significant treatment effect F(1, 54) = 5.1, p = .03; this difference was not evident at baseline but was significant after 8 and 16 wk of supplementation. …”
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Effects of Lactobacillus casei Shirota ingestion on common cold infection and herpes virus antibodies in endurance athletes: a placebo-controlled, randomized trial by Michael Gleeson, Nicolette Bishop, Lauren Struszczak

“…Results URS episode incidence was unexpectedly low (mean 0.6 per individual) and was not significantly different on PRO compared with PLA. …”
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Probiotic supplementation prevents high-fat, overfeeding-induced insulin resistance in human subjects by Carl Hulston, Amelia A. Churnside, Michelle C. Venables

“…Glucose AUC values increased by 10 % (from 817 (se 45) to 899 (se 39) mmol/l per 120 min, P< 0·05) and whole-body insulin sensitivity decreased by 27 % (from 5·3 (se 1·4) to 3·9 (se 0·9), P< 0·05) in the control group, whereas normal insulin sensitivity was maintained in the probiotic group (4·4 (se 0·8) and 4·5 (se 0·9) before and after overeating, respectively (P>0·05). …”
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