An experimental investigation into DEF dosing strategies for heavy duty vehicle applications by Paul Gaynor, Benjamin A. Reid, Graham Hargrave, Thomas O. Lockyer, Jonathan Wilson

“…Developing a dosing system capable of meeting the increased performance requirements demands an improved understanding of how DEF sprays interact with changing exhaust flows. …”
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The physical processes in urea SCR: an experimental investigation of DEF injection and decomposition in hot-flows by Paul Gaynor

Subjects: “…DEF…”
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Analysis of a novel method for low-temperature ammonia production using DEF for mobile selective catalytic reduction systems by Jonathan Wilson, Graham Hargrave

“…Ammonia Creation and Conversion Technology (ACCT) uses pressure controlled thermal decomposition of DEF followed by re-formation to form a fluid with greater volatility and the same ammonia density as DEF conforming to ISO 22241. …”
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Selective catalytic reduction: an optical investigation of sprays, mixing and deposit formation mechanisms in urea dosing systems by Tom Lockyer

Subjects: “…DEF…”
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Expansions in a concrete dam with bridge over spillway in South America by Ana Blanco-Alvarez, Sergio Pialarissi-Cavalaro, Ignacio Segura, Luis Segura-Castillo, Antonio Aguado

Subjects: “…DEF…”
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AI-based defect and irregular pattern detection, classification and retrieval models enhanced with morphological feature engineering for enabling AI reasoning capability by Jiajun Zhang

“…An ensemble decision tree model assesses the importance of each DefChar in influencing the AI model's predictions. …”
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Appetite and energy intake responses to acute energy deficits in females versus males by Nawal Alajmi, Kevin Deighton, James King, Alvaro Reischak-Oliveira, Lucy K. Wasse, Jenny Jones, Rachel L. Batterham, David Stensel

“…METHODS: In experiment one, twelve healthy women completed three 9 h trials (control, exercise-induced (Ex-Def) and food restriction induced energy deficit (Food-Def)) with identical energy deficits being imposed in the Ex-Def (90 min run, ∼70% of VO2 max) and Food-Def trials. …”
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Efficient retrieval of images with irregular patterns using morphological image analysis: applications to industrial and healthcare datasets by Jiajun Zhang, Georgina Cosma, Sarah Bugby, Jason Watkins

“…The proposed framework was evaluated with different feature extraction methods (DefChars, resized raw image, local binary pattern, and scale-invariant feature transforms) and distance metrics to determine the most efficient parameters in terms of retrieval performance across datasets. …”
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Morphological image analysis and feature extraction for reasoning with AI-based defect detection and classification models by Jiajun Zhang, Georgina Cosma, Sarah Bugby, Axel Finke, Jason Watkins

“…This paper proposes the AI-Reasoner, which extracts the morphological characteristics of defects (DefChars) from images and utilises decision trees to reason with the DefChar values. …”
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Energy replacement diminishes the effect of exercise on postprandial lipemia in boys by Alice Thackray, Laura Barrett, Keith Tolfrey

“…On day 1, participants rested (CON), exercised at 60% peak VO 2 inducing a net EE of 32 kJ·kg-1 body mass (EX-DEF) or completed the same exercise with the net EE replaced immediately (EX-REP). …”
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Long-term estrogen deficiency lowers regional blood flow, resting systolic blood pressure, and heart rate in exercising premenopausal women. by Emma ODonnell, Paula J. Harvey, Jack M. Goodman, Mary Jane De Souza

“…Resting systolic BP, HR, blood flow, and vascular conductance were lower (P < 0.05) and vascular resistance higher (P < 0.05) in LT-E(2) Def compared with both ovulatory groups. Peak ischemic blood flow, vascular conductance, and HR were also lower (P < 0.05) and vascular resistance higher (P < 0.05) in LT-E(2) Def compared with all other groups. …”
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Computational Research Data for "Mechanistic Insight into Palladium-Catalyzed Asymmetric Alkylation of Indoles with Diazoesters Employing Bipyridine-<i>N</i>,<i>N’</i>-dioxides as... by Felix Plasser

“…[in/out]: Q-Chem input and output files for single-point solvation in dichloromethane (def2-SVP basis)- DCM-T/qchem.[in/out]: Q-Chem input and output files for single-point solvation in dichloromethane (def2-TZVP basis)- Freq/qchem.…”
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Impaired vascular function in exercising anovulatory premenopausal women is associated with low bone mineral density by Emma ODonnell, J.L. Scheid, Sarah L. West, Mary Jane De Souza

“…Recreationally trained women (24.3±0.8 years; overall mean±SEM) who were estrogen deficient (amenorrheic or eumenorrheic anovulatory cycles; E2Def; n=13) or estrogen replete (eumenorrheic ovulatory cycles; E2Rep; n=14) were studied . …”
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Chronic defensiveness and neuroendocrine dysfunction reflect a novel cardiac troponin T cut point: The SABPA study. by Leone Malan, Mark Hamer, Roland von Kanel, Gavin W. Lambert, Rhena Delport, Hendrik Stefanus Steyn, Nico T. Malan

“…Background: Sympatho-adrenal responses are activated as an innate defense coping (DefS) mechanism during emotional stress. Whether these sympatho-adrenal responses drive cardiac troponin T (cTnT) increases are unknown. …”
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Non-conventional control of the flexible pole-cart balancing problem by Elmer P. Dadios

“…The dynamics of this new system are more complex as the system needs additional parameters to be defIned due to the pole's elastic deflection. This problem also has many of the signifIcant features associated with flexible robots with lightweight links as applied in manufacturing. …”
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Research data for “Excited-state energy component analysis for molecules – Why the lowest excited state is not always the HOMO-LUMO transition” by Felix Plasser, Patrick Kimber

“…These folders contain subfolders for:  OPT: geometry optimisation at the ωPBEh/def2-SV(P) level (ω = 0.200 a.u., CHF = 0.20) VEX: Vertical excitations computations using optimally tuned values of ω for each molecule Each VEX folder contains: E_component: Performing energy component analysis as defined in the text ESP: Generation of cube files for excited state natural transition orbitals, densities and electrostatic potentials orb_pairs: Generation of natural transition orbital pairs which are provided in the electronic supplementary information theodore: General post-processing of excited state computations for obtaining the exciton size, dexc   The folders contain the following files: coord.qcin: Input geometry for Q-Chem final.xyz: Final geometry after geometry optimisation qchem.in: Input file for Q-Chem qchem.out: Output file for Q-Chem tden_summ.txt: Output file for TheoDORE summarising excited state properties Data and latex code underlying figures are provided for Fig4 and Fig7.…”
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Experimental benchmarking of Monte Carlo simulations for radiotherapy dosimetry using monochromatic X-ray beams in the presence of metal-based compounds by Jenny Spiga, Paolo Pellicioli, Sam P. Manger, Jon A. Duffy, Alberto Bravin

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