Insomnia symptom trajectories among adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse: A longitudinal study

Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with sleep disturbances in adulthood. However, longitudinal studies have yet to identify among CSA-survivors subgroups distinguished by the trajectory of their insomnia severity, or predictors of subgroup membership. The objective of this study was to exami...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Child abuse & neglect 2019-07, Vol.93, p.263-276
Main Authors: Steine, Iris M., Skogen, Jens Christoffer, Krystal, John H., Winje, Dagfinn, Milde, Anne Marita, Grønli, Janne, Nordhus, Inger Hilde, Bjorvatn, Bjørn, Pallesen, Ståle
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult survivors of childhood sexual abuse
Adults
Age
Child abuse & neglect
Child sexual abuse
Childhood
Childhood sexual abuse
Insomnia
Insomnia symptom trajectories
Longitudinal studies
Longitudinal symptom outcomes
Membership
Penetration
Perceived social support
Post traumatic stress disorder
Posttraumatic Stress Disorder
Scores
Severity
Sex crimes
Sexual Abuse
Sleep
Sleep disorders
Sleep disturbances
Social support
Survivor
Symptoms
Women
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Summary:Childhood sexual abuse (CSA) is associated with sleep disturbances in adulthood. However, longitudinal studies have yet to identify among CSA-survivors subgroups distinguished by the trajectory of their insomnia severity, or predictors of subgroup membership. The objective of this study was to examine longitudinal insomnia symptom trajectories, as well as predictors and correlates of the identified trajectories, over a 4 year study period in a sample of adult, mainly female CSA-survivors. The sample comprised 533 adult survivors of CSA (94.9% women, mean age 39.2 years, mean age of abuse onset 6.5 years), recruited from support centers for sexual abuse survivors in Norway. Latent class growth analyses were used to identify insomnia symptom trajectories. Three distinct trajectories of insomnia symptoms were identified; one characterized by high insomnia symptom scores minimally decreasing over the study period (‘high and decreasing’, 30.6%), one characterized by stable intermediate insomnia symptom scores (‘intermediate and stable’, 41.5%), and one characterized by stable low insomnia symptom scores (‘low and stable’, 27.9%). Predictors of belonging to the high and decreasing trajectory (using the low and stable trajectory as a reference), was lower age of abuse onset (expotentiated coefficient (EC): 0.93, p = 0.026), abuse involving penetration (EC: 2.36, p = 0.005), threats (EC: 3.06, p 
ISSN:0145-2134
1873-7757
DOI:10.1016/j.chiabu.2019.05.009