In Defense of Causal-Formative Indicators: A Minority Report

Causal-formative indicators directly affect their corresponding latent variable. They run counter to the predominant view that indicators depend on latent variables and are thus often controversial. If present, such indicators have serious implications for factor analysis, reliability theory, item r...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Psychological methods 2017-09, Vol.22 (3), p.581-596
Main Authors: Bollen, Kenneth A., Diamantopoulos, Adamantios
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Causal Analysis
Causality
Factor Analysis, Statistical
Humans
Measurement
Measurement Models
Models, Statistical
Psychology - methods
Reproducibility of Results
Statistical Analysis
Structural Equation Modeling
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