Creating 3D Objects with Integrated Electronics via Multiphoton Fabrication In Vitro and In Vivo

3D objects with integrated electronics are produced using an additive manufacturing approach relying on multiphoton fabrication (direct laser writing, (DLW)). Conducting polymer‐based structures (with micrometer‐millimeter scale features) are printed within exemplar matrices, including an elastomer...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Advanced materials technologies 2023-06, Vol.8 (11), p.n/a
Main Authors: Baldock, Sara J., Kevin, Punarja, Harper, Garry R., Griffin, Rebecca, Genedy, Hussein H., Fong, M. James, Zhao, Zhiyi, Zhang, Zijian, Shen, Yaochun, Lin, Hungyen, Au, Catherine, Martin, Jack R., Ashton, Mark D., Haskew, Mathew J., Stewart, Beverly, Efremova, Olga, Esfahani, Reza N., Emsley, Hedley C. A., Appleby, John B., Cheneler, David, Cummings, Damian M., Benedetto, Alexandre, Hardy, John G.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
additive manufacturing
bioelectronics
conducting polymers
integrated electronics
neural electrodes
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Summary:3D objects with integrated electronics are produced using an additive manufacturing approach relying on multiphoton fabrication (direct laser writing, (DLW)). Conducting polymer‐based structures (with micrometer‐millimeter scale features) are printed within exemplar matrices, including an elastomer (polydimethylsiloxane, (PDMS)) have been widely investigated for biomedical applications. The fidelity of the printing process in PDMS is assessed by optical coherence tomography, and the conducting polymer structures are demonstrated to be capable of stimulating mouse brain tissue in vitro. Furthermore, the applicability of the approach to printing structures in vivo is demonstrated in live nematodes (Caenorhabditis elegans). These results highlight the potential for such additive manufacturing approaches to produce next‐generation advanced material technologies, notably integrated electronics for technical and medical applications (e.g., human‐computer interfaces). Multiphoton fabrication is used produce 3D objects with integrated electronics (based on the conducting polymer, polypyrrole). The technique is used to print prototype integrated electronics in various substrates in vitro and in/on Caenorhabditis elegans in vivo. This approach potentially enables other researchers to produce integrated circuits designed for application‐specific requirements in vitro and excitingly in vivo.
ISSN:2365-709X
2365-709X
DOI:10.1002/admt.202201274