Loading…

Laboratory investigation of inversion of heavy oil emulsions

Laboratory investigations have been undertaken to assess the suitability of heavy oil‐in water emulsions for pipeline transportation. The emulsions contained 65% oil in water and were prepared using polyethoxy nonylphenol surfactants. Two methods were employed for simulating the shear process which...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Canadian journal of chemical engineering 2000-08, Vol.78 (4), p.757-763
Main Authors: Gillies, Randall G., Sun, Ruijun, Shook, Clifton A.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:Laboratory investigations have been undertaken to assess the suitability of heavy oil‐in water emulsions for pipeline transportation. The emulsions contained 65% oil in water and were prepared using polyethoxy nonylphenol surfactants. Two methods were employed for simulating the shear process which accompanies pipeline flow: a bench scale stirred vessel and a rotated pipe toroid. The progress of the emulsions towards inversion, at which point the oil becomes the continuous phase, was followed by measuring the surfactant concentration in the aqueous phase using liquid chromatography. At inversion the surfactant concentration falls below the threshold level required to sustain an oil‐in‐water emulsion. The experiments showed that the lifetime of the emulsion depends upon the initial surfactant dosage, the solids content of the oil, the intensity of shear and the nature of the shear process. Laminar flow was found to be less desirable than turbulent flow. On a mené des recherches en laboratoire afin d'évaluer la pertinence des émulsions d'huile lourde dans l'eau pour le transport par pipeline. Ces émulsions contiennent 65% d'huile dans l'eau et ont été préparées avec des surfactants de polyéthoxy‐nonylphénol. Deux méthodes sont employées pour simuler le processus de cisaillement qui accompagne l'ecoulement en pipeline : un réservoir agité à l'échelle de laboratoire et un conduit torique en rotation. On a suivi la progression des émulsions vers l'inversion, point auquel l'huile devient la phase continue, en mesurant la concentration de surfactant dans la phase aqueuse par chromatographie liquide. À l'inversion, la concentration de surfactant tombe en dessous du seuil requis pour soutenir une émulsion huile dans l'eau. Les expériences montrent que la durée de vie de l'émulsion dépend du dosage initial des surfactants, de la teneur en solides de l'huile, de l'intensité du cisaillement et de la nature du processus de cisaillement. On a trouvé que l'écoulement laminaire était moins désirable que l'écoulement turbulent.
ISSN:0008-4034
1939-019X
DOI:10.1002/cjce.5450780419