NiAl Layered Double Hydroxides and PdNiO as Multifunctional Anodes for Prospective Self‐Powered Lab‐on‐a‐Chip Dopamine Sensors

• Published in: ChemNanoMat : chemistry of nanomaterials for energy, biology and more biology and more, 2018-07, Vol.4 (7), p.688-697
• Main Authors: Galindo‐de‐la‐Rosa, J., Arriaga, L. G., Álvarez, A., Arjona, N., Déctor, A., Chavéz‐Ramírez, A. U., Vallejo‐Becerra, V., Ledesma‐García, J.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: layered double hydroxides; microfluidic fuel cells; sensors; urea; urine
• ISSN: 2199-692X; 2199-692X
• DOI: 10.1002/cnma.201800119

The purpose of this work is the evaluation of two bimetallic materials, PdNiO and NiAl‐layered double hydroxides (NiAl‐LDHs) for their prospective use in Lab‐on‐a‐Chip devices, in which urea contained in human urine is used as fuel to provide the energy required by the device and dopamine in the sample is detected. A urea microfluidic fuel cell, using human urine as fuel and NiAl‐LDHs and PdNiO as anodes, was constructed and evaluated, resulting in a cell potential of 1 V with 50.19 mW/cm2 power density for NiAl‐LDHs and 0.9 V and 32.94 mW/cm2 for PdNiO. The multifunctionality of these anodes was extended for detecting dopamine with detection limits of 7.38×10−8 M and 5.46×10−6 M for NiAl‐LDHs and PdNiO, respectively. The higher content of hydroxides on NiAl‐LDHs than PdNiO material allowed a better activity for urea oxidation and dopamine detection. These results show the prospects for self‐powered biomedical Lab‐on‐a‐Chip device development. PdNiO and NiAl‐layered double hydroxides are used as electrodes in a microfluidic fuel cell. Urea, contained in human urine, is used as fuel to provide the energy required by the device and dopamine is detected in the same sample. The higher content of hydroxides on NiAl‐LDHs compared to PdNiO allowed a better activity toward the urea oxidation and dopamine detection. These results show the potential of self‐powered biomedical lab‐on‐a‐chip devices.