The genetic structure of CIMMYT and U.S. inbreds and its implications for tropical maize breeding

The use of temperate maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds with expired Plant Variety Protection in tropical maize breeding programs could enhance the combining ability for grain yield among tropical heterotic groups. We used DNA markers from the DArTseq genotyping‐by‐sequencing platform to investigate the ge...

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Published in:Crop science 2021-05, Vol.61 (3), p.1666-1681
Main Authors: Guo, Rui, Chen, Jiafa, Petroli, Cesar D., Pacheco, Angela, Zhang, Xuecai, San Vicente, Felix, Hearne, Sarah J., Dhliwayo, Thanda
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The use of temperate maize (Zea mays L.) inbreds with expired Plant Variety Protection in tropical maize breeding programs could enhance the combining ability for grain yield among tropical heterotic groups. We used DNA markers from the DArTseq genotyping‐by‐sequencing platform to investigate the genetic structure of lines with expired U.S. Plant Variety Protection (ex‐PVP) relative to the International Maize and Wheat Improvement Center's (CIMMYT's) maize heterotic groups. Neighbor‐joining cluster analysis revealed two major groups: CIMMYT and ex‐PVP. The CIMMYT lines clustered according to their pedigree relationships and adaptation, but not according to their heterotic groups. In contrast, ex‐PVP lines clustered according to the Stiff Stalk Synthetic (BSSS) and non‐Stiff Stalk Synthetic (NSSS) heterotic groups, except for a few lines that were considered to be mixed. The genetic divergence, estimated as Wright's fixation index (FST), between BSSS and NSSS (FST = .053, P 
ISSN:0011-183X
1435-0653
DOI:10.1002/csc2.20394