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Hyperhydrophilic rough surfaces and imaginary contact angles

The complete wetting of rough surfaces is only poorly understood, since the underlying phenomena can neither be described by the Cassie‐Baxter nor the Wenzel equation. An experimental accessiblility by the sessile drop method is also very limited. The term “superhydrophilicity” was an attempt to und...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Materialwissenschaft und Werkstofftechnik 2012-08, Vol.43 (8), p.743-750
Main Author: Jennissen, H. P.
Format: Article
Language:English
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Summary:The complete wetting of rough surfaces is only poorly understood, since the underlying phenomena can neither be described by the Cassie‐Baxter nor the Wenzel equation. An experimental accessiblility by the sessile drop method is also very limited. The term “superhydrophilicity” was an attempt to understand the wetting of rough surfaces, but a clear definition is still forthcoming, mainly because non‐superhydrophilic surfaces can also display a contact angle of zero. Since the Wilhelmy balance is based on force measurements, it offers a technology for obtaining signals during the whole wetting process. We have obtained evidence that additional forces occur during the complete wetting of rough surfaces and that mathematically contact angles for a hydrophilicity beyond the contact angle of zero can be defined by imaginary numbers. A hydrophilized TPS‐surface obtained by chemical wettability switching from a superhydrophobic surface has been previously characterized by dynamic imaginary contact angles of 20i°–21i° and near‐zero hysteresis. Here an extremely high wetting rate is demonstrated reaching a virtual imaginary contact angle of ΘV,Adv > 3.5i° in less than 210 ms. For a rough surface displaying imaginary contact angles and extremely high wetting rates we suggest the term hyperhydrophilicity. Although, as will be shown, the physical basis of imaginary contact angles is still unclear, they significantly expand our methodology, the range of wettability measurements and the tools for analyzing rough hydrophilic surfaces. They may also form the basis for a new generation of rationally constructed medicinal surfaces. Die vollkommene Benetzung rauer Oberflächen ist nur wenig verstanden, da eine Beschreibung durch die Cassie‐Baxter‐ oder Wenzel‐Geleichung nicht möglich ist. Ein experimenteller Zugang durch die Tropfenmethode ist auch sehr beschränkt. Der Ausdruck “Superhydrophilizität” versucht die Benetzung rauer Oberflächen zu beschreiben, aber bis heute liegt keine klare Definition vor, wohl auch, weil auch nicht‐superhydrophile Oberflächen einen Kontaktwinkel von Null aufweisen können. Da die Wilhylmy Methode auf Kraftmessungen beruht, bietet sie die Technologie, Daten während des gesamten Benetzungsprozesses aufzunehmen. Wir haben Hinweise, dass zusätzliche Kräfte während der Benetzunng rauer Oberflächen auftreten, und dass Kontaktwinkel für eine Hydrophilie jenseits eines Kontaktwinkels von Null durch imaginäre Zahlen definiert werden können. Eine hydroph
ISSN:0933-5137
1521-4052
DOI:10.1002/mawe.201200961