Effects of stubble and N fertilization management on N availability and uptake under successive rice (Oryza sativa L.) crops

• Published in: Plant and soil 1990, Vol.121 (1), p.11-19
• Main Author: Bacon, P.E. (Yanco Agricultural Inst., Yanco, NSW (Australia))
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: ABSORCION DE SUBSTANCIAS NUTRITIVAS; ABSORPTION DE SUBSTANCES NUTRITIVES; Agricultural soils; Agrology; Agronomy. Soil science and plant productions; Biological and medical sciences; Crop management; CROP RESIDUES; Crops; DISPONIBILIDAD DE NUTRIENTES; ELEMENT NUTRITIF DISPONIBLE; ENGRAIS AZOTE; FERTILIZANTES NITROGENADOS; Flooded soils; Fundamental and applied biological sciences. Psychology; General agronomy. Plant production; Management philosophies; Memory interference; Nitrogen fertilization; NITROGEN FERTILIZERS; Nitrogen, phosphorus, potassium fertilizations; NUTRIENT AVAILABILITY; NUTRIENT UPTAKE; ORYZA SATIVA; Other nutrients. Amendments. Solid and liquid wastes. Sludges and slurries; RESIDU DE RECOLTE; RESIDUOS DE COSECHAS; Rice; Soil-plant relationships. Soil fertility. Fertilization. Amendments; Stubble; Tillage
• ISSN: 0032-079X; 1573-5036
• DOI: 10.1007/bf00013092

Experiments were conducted in fields which had a history of nil to four rice (Oryza sativa L.) crops during the previous four summers. Incorporating stubble after each harvest reduced soil nitrate-N content between crops, but increased soil N mineralization potential. During the fourth successive crop, plots where stubble had been incorporated after the previous three harvests had an average 21 % more soil NH₄N and 22% more N uptake than plots where stubble had been burnt. Soil fertility fell rapidly with increasing numbers of crops, and the unfertilized fifth crop accumulated approximately half the N (60 kg N ha⁻¹) found in the unfertilized first crop (116 kg). Fertilizer N alleviated the effects of annual cropping; the application of 210 kg N ha⁻¹ to the fifth crop (uptake of 156 kg N ha⁻¹) resulted in similar N uptake to the first crop fertilized with 50 kg N ha⁻¹ (154 kg N ha⁻¹). Applying N at sowing had no significant effect on soil NH₄-N concentration after permanent flood (PF), while N application at PF resulted in increased NH₄-N concentration and N uptake until panicle initiation (PI). N applied at PI increased soil NH₄-N concentration at least until the microspore stage. Management factors such as stubble incorporation and increasing N application rate, maintained N supply and enabled successive rice crops to accumulate similar quantities of N at maturity.