In vitro genotoxic effects of areca nut extract and arecoline

The genotoxic potential of the aqueous extract of areca nut as well as arecoline, the major alkaloid of the areca nut, was tested with the help of cytogenetic markers such as sister-chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations, utilizing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The continuous-treatment...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of cancer research and clinical oncology 1992-04, Vol.118 (4), p.283-288
Main Authors: DAVE, B. J, TRIVEDI, A. H, ADHVARYU, S. G
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Animals
Areca
Arecoline - toxicity
Biological and medical sciences
CHO Cells - drug effects
CHO Cells - physiology
Chromosome Aberrations
Cricetinae
Dose-Response Relationship, Drug
Medical sciences
Nuts - toxicity
Plant Extracts - toxicity
Plant poisons toxicology
Plants, Medicinal
Sister Chromatid Exchange - drug effects
Toxicology
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Summary:The genotoxic potential of the aqueous extract of areca nut as well as arecoline, the major alkaloid of the areca nut, was tested with the help of cytogenetic markers such as sister-chromatid exchanges and chromosome aberrations, utilizing Chinese hamster ovary (CHO) cells. The continuous-treatment and pulse-treatment schedules yielded dose-dependent elevations in the frequencies of sister-chromatid exchange and chromosomal aberration in CHO cells, indicating a genotoxic effect of both the extract and arecoline. The results also imply that, besides arecoline, there may be some other water-extractable substances in the areca nut that make the extract more genotoxic. The chromosome damage was found to be more severe on treating the cells with low concentrations and for longer duration, which mimic the effects of chronic areca nut consumption.
ISSN:0171-5216
1432-1335
DOI:10.1007/bf01208617