Procedural selection strategy and clinical outcomes in mitral valve surgery with concomitant aortic valve replacement in elderly patients

• Published in: Indian journal of thoracic and cardiovascular surgery 2024-03, Vol.40 (2), p.159-170
• Main Authors: Handa, Kazuma, Ohata, Toshihiro, Sekiya, Naosumi, Nakamura, Teruya, Kuratani, Toru, Masai, Takafumi
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Cardiac Surgery; Medicine; Medicine & Public Health; Original Article; Surgery; Thoracic Surgery; Vascular Surgery
• ISSN: 0970-9134; 0973-7723
• DOI: 10.1007/s12055-023-01626-0

Introduction In the context of double-valve surgery for elderly high-risk patients involving both the aortic and mitral valves, a clinically significant problem has been that no clear criteria or surgical strategies have been reported for the selection of mitral valve plasty (MVP) or mitral valve replacement (MVR) for mitral valve disease management during surgical aortic valve replacement (SAVR) to achieve better clinical outcomes. This study investigated valve durability and survival using our surgical strategy for mitral valve disease with concomitant SAVR in elderly patients. Methods Eighty-six patients aged > 65 years (mean 75 years) who underwent a double-valve procedure for mitral valve surgery with concomitant SAVR from 2010 to 2022 were reviewed. Our surgical strategy for mitral valve disease with concomitant SAVR for the elderly patients was as follows: MVP was selected for patients in whom mitral valve disease was expected to be controlled with simple surgical procedures ( n  = 47), otherwise MVR was selected ( n  = 39). Results The hospital mortality rate was 8% ( n  = 7). The mean follow-up was 4.9 (0–12.3) years. And the 10-year survival rate was 62%. The 10-year freedom from aortic valve reoperation rate was 95%. No mitral valve reintervention was performed during follow-up. Echocardiographic follow-up demonstrated freedom from at least moderate mitral regurgitation in 86% of cases at 10 years. Conclusion In double-valve surgery for elderly high-risk patients, appropriate selection of the mitral valve procedure with concomitant SAVR provided better early and long-term survival and valve durability. This surgical strategy may be beneficial in elderly patients with combined aortic and mitral valve disease.