Effects of two endoparasitic nematodes ( Pratylenchus coffeae and Meloidogyne konaensis) on ammonium and nitrate uptake by Arabica coffee ( Coffea arabica L.)

Coffee plants ( Coffea arabica L.) infected by two endoparasitic nematodes ( Pratylenchus coffeae and Meloidogyne konaensis) exhibited reduced NO − 3 and NH + 4 uptake rates in short-term solution culture experiments. Infection by the sedentary nematode ( M. konaensis) decreased by half the proporti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Applied soil ecology : a section of Agriculture, ecosystems & environment ecosystems & environment, 1998-10, Vol.10 (1), p.171-178
Main Authors: Vaast, Ph, Caswell-Chen, E.P, Zasoski, R.J
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
ABSORCION DE SUSTANCIAS NUTRITIVAS
ABSORPTION DE SUBSTANCES NUTRITIVES
AMMONIA
AMMONIAC
AMONIACO
Arabica coffee
COFFEA ARABICA
MELOIDOGYNE
Migratory and sedentary endoparasitic nematodes
NITRATE
NITRATES
NITRATOS
Nitrogen uptake
NUTRIENT UPTAKE
PARASITE
PARASITES
PARASITOS
PRATYLENCHUS COFFEAE
Root damage
Solution culture
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Summary:Coffee plants ( Coffea arabica L.) infected by two endoparasitic nematodes ( Pratylenchus coffeae and Meloidogyne konaensis) exhibited reduced NO − 3 and NH + 4 uptake rates in short-term solution culture experiments. Infection by the sedentary nematode ( M. konaensis) decreased by half the proportion of fine roots per root system and reduced NO − 3 and NH + 4 uptake rates by 63% and 54%, respectively. The migratory nematodes ( P. coffeae) reduced NO − 3 uptake rate by 56% and NH + 4 uptake rate by 24% without affecting the proportion of fine roots per root system. Such lower NH + 4 and NO − 3 uptake rates in the presence of nematodes are consistent with visual symptoms and foliar analyses indicating N deficiency in long-term field experiments with nematode-infected coffee plants. The nematode parasitic behaviors have a strong incidence on the mechanisms involved in the reduction of N uptake. The sedentary endoparasitic nematode ( M. konaensis) decreased N uptake by a reduction of fine roots caused by gall formation without apparently affecting the uptake capacity of uninvaded fine root regions. The migratory endoparasitic nematode ( P. coffeae) seemed to directly affect the root uptake capacity by damaging root cells during nematode penetration, exploration and feeding.
ISSN:0929-1393
1873-0272
DOI:10.1016/S0929-1393(98)00037-7