The atomic-resolution structure of a novel bacterial esterase

• Published in: Structure (London) 2000-02, Vol.8 (2), p.143-151
• Main Authors: Bourne, Philip C, Isupov, Michail N, Littlechild, Jennifer A
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Alcaligenes - enzymology; Anisotropic refinement; Atomic resolution; Binding Sites; Crystallography, X-Ray; Dimerization; Esterase; Esterases - chemistry; Models, Molecular; Protein Conformation; α/β hydrolase
• ISSN: 0969-2126; 1878-4186
• DOI: 10.1016/S0969-2126(00)00090-3

Background: A novel bacterial esterase that cleaves esters on halogenated cyclic compounds has been isolated from an Alcaligenes species. This esterase 713 is encoded by a 1062 base pair gene. The presence of a leader sequence of 27 amino acids suggests that this enzyme is exported from the cytosol. Esterase 713 has been over-expressed in Agrobacterium without this leader sequence. Its amino acid sequence shows no significant homology to any known protein sequence. Results: The crystal structure of esterase 713 has been determined by multiple isomorphous replacement and refined to 1.1 Å resolution. The subunits of this dimeric enzyme comprise a single domain with an α/β hydrolase fold. The catalytic triad has been identified as Ser206-His298-Glu230. The acidic residue of the catalytic triad (Glu230) is located on the β6 strand of the α/β hydrolase fold, whereas most other α/β hydrolase enzymes have the acidic residue located on the β7 strand. The oxyanion hole is formed by the mainchain nitrogens of Cys71 and Gln207 as identified by the binding of a substrate analogue, (S)-7-iodo-2,3,4,5-tetrahydro-4-methyl-3-oxo-1H-1,4-benzodiazepine-2-acetic acid. Cys71 forms a disulphide bond with the neighbouring Cys72. Conclusions: Despite negligible sequence homology, esterase 713 has structural similarities to a number of other esterases and lipases. Residues of the oxyanion hole were confirmed by structural comparison with Rhizomucor miehei lipase. It is proposed that completion of a functional active site requires the formation of the disulphide bond between adjacent residues Cys71 and Cys72 on export of the esterase into the oxidising environment of the periplasmic space.