MM-731 Prognostic Implications of Immune Paralysis in Newly Diagnosed Multiple Myeloma

• Published in: Clinical lymphoma, myeloma and leukemia myeloma and leukemia, 2024-09, Vol.24, p.S581-S581
• Main Authors: Lv, Guoqing, Tian, Linlin
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Immune Paralysis; Multiple Myeloma; Prognosis
• ISSN: 2152-2650
• DOI: 10.1016/S2152-2650(24)01726-9

Multiple myeloma (MM) is a neoplastic disease marked by the clonal proliferation of malignant plasma cells. Immune paralysis, characterized by the suppression of polyclonal immunoglobulin production, is a significant complication in MM patients and may affect their clinical outcomes. This study aimed to evaluate the prevalence of immune paralysis in newly diagnosed MM (NDMM) patients and its association with clinical characteristics and prognosis. A retrospective analysis was conducted on 122 NDMM patients diagnosed between January 2018 and December 2022 at our hospital. Data were collected and analyzed using statistical software to determine the clinical features and prognostic significance of immunoparesis. The median follow-up period was 33 months (range, 12-63 months). Immunoparesis was assessed at diagnosis, and patients were stratified based on the presence and severity of immunoparesis. Survival analysis compared progression-free survival (PFS) and overall survival (OS) between patients with and without immunoparesis, and among those with different durations of severe immunoparesis. The study found that 80.5% of NDMM patients exhibited varying degrees of immune paralysis at diagnosis. Patients with severe immune paralysis had higher tumor burdens and were more likely to suffer from anemia. Concurrent infections were present in 32.6% of NDMM patients at diagnosis. Patients with immune paralysis had significantly shorter PFS (28 months vs. 43 months, P=0.006) and OS (56 months vs. not reached, P=0.025) compared to those without. Severe immune paralysis correlated with even shorter median PFS (21 months vs. 40 months, P