Upscaling point measurements of N2O emissions into the orchard scale under drip and microsprinkler irrigation

•N2O emission was studied under drip and microsprinkler irrigated almond orchards.•Effect of soil parameters on surface and subsurface N2O concentrations was analysed.•Soil sampling had major influence on N2O emission relations with subsoil parameters.•Most of the N2O emission resulted from microbia...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Agriculture, ecosystems & environment ecosystems & environment, 2018-10, Vol.265, p.103-111
Main Authors: Baram, Shahar, Dabach, Sharon, Jerszurki, Daniela, Stockert, Christine M., Smart, David R.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
almonds
ammonium
ecosystems
Fertigation
greenhouse gas emissions
Microirrigation
nitrates
nitrification
Nitrous-oxide
orchards
principal component analysis
regression analysis
sampling
Soil
soil profiles
soil sampling
soil water
Static-chamber
topsoil
trees
Upscaling
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Summary:•N2O emission was studied under drip and microsprinkler irrigated almond orchards.•Effect of soil parameters on surface and subsurface N2O concentrations was analysed.•Soil sampling had major influence on N2O emission relations with subsoil parameters.•Most of the N2O emission resulted from microbial nitrification in the top soil.•New physically based methodologies for upscaling N2O emission is presented. Agricultural activity is one of the major sources of nitrous oxide (N2O) emission into the natural environment. Yet, due to the soil’s spatial heterogeneities it is hard to accurately upscale point N2O emission measurements into the orchard scale. This study aims to introduce a simple, yet robust, way for upscaling point N2O emission measurements into the orchard scale, under drip and micro-sprinkler irrigation systems. Surface point measurements of N2O emissions were performed at five distances from drip and micro-sprinkler emitters in two almond orchards, following irrigation and fertigation events. Principal component analysis (PCA) and linear regression were used to study the correlations between the soil water filled pore-space (WFPS), and subsurface N2O, NO3− and NH4+ concentrations down to depth of 60 cm. The correlation tables indicated that most of the N2O emission resulted from microbial nitrification in the top soil (
ISSN:0167-8809
1873-2305
DOI:10.1016/j.agee.2018.05.022