Unit commitment under imperfect foresight – The impact of stochastic photovoltaic generation

• Published in: Applied energy 2019-06, Vol.243, p.336-349
• Main Authors: Zepter, Jan Martin, Weibezahn, Jens
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Electricity system modeling; Flexibility; Forecast error simulation; Photovoltaic; Stochasticity; Unit commitment
• ISSN: 0306-2619; 1872-9118
• DOI: 10.1016/j.apenergy.2019.03.191

[Display omitted] •Novel approach to simulate time-dependent forecast errors for PV generation.•Based solely on day-ahead PV power forecast and realization.•Stochasticity of PV incorporated in the rolling planning procedure.•Application to the German power market in the European context.•Transmission network and unit commitment restrictions are being considered. This paper investigates the impact of uncertain photovoltaic generation on unit commitment decisions for the German rolling planning procedure employing a large-scale stochastic unit commitment electricity market model (stELMOD). A novel approach to simulate a time-adaptive intra-day photovoltaic forecast, solely based on an exponential smoothing of deviations between realized and forecast values, is presented. Generation uncertainty is then incorporated by numerous multi-stage scenario trees that account for a decreasing forecast error over time. Results show that total system costs significantly increase when uncertainty of both wind and photovoltaic generation is included by a single forecast, with more frequent starting processes of flexible plants and rather inflexible power plants mainly deployed at part-load. Including the improvement of both wind and photovoltaic forecasts by a scenario tree of possible manifestations, the scheduling costs could be significantly reduced in representative weeks for spring and summer. In general, stochastic representations increase the need for congestion management as well as more frequent use of storage in the model, leading to a more realistic depiction of the markets.