Metabolomic alterations and oxidative stress are associated with environmental pollution in Procambarus clarkii

• Published in: Aquatic toxicology 2018-12, Vol.205, p.76-88
• Main Authors: Fernández-Cisnal, Ricardo, García-Sevillano, Miguel A., García-Barrera, Tamara, Gómez-Ariza, José L., Abril, Nieves
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Animals; Astacoidea - drug effects; Astacoidea - metabolism; Biomarkers; Digestive gland; Environmental Exposure; Environmental monitoring; Gills; Gills - drug effects; Gills - metabolism; Metabolome; Metabolome - drug effects; Metabolomics; Metals; Metals - toxicity; Oxidative Stress - drug effects; Protein carbonylation; Proteomics; Red swamp crayfish; Water Pollutants, Chemical - toxicity; Wetlands
• ISSN: 0166-445X; 1879-1514
• DOI: 10.1016/j.aquatox.2018.10.005

[Display omitted] •Procambarus clarkii crayfish captured close to citrus fruit, strawberry and grape fields accumulated As.•Crayfish caught close to rice fields presented high levels of essential metals such as Mn, Cu and Zn.•Chronic transition metal exposure caused oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction.•A metabolic switch to aerobic glycolysis was observed in polluted crayfish.•Altered levels of neuropeptides caused accumulation of lipids in the digestive gland. Soils contaminated by toxic metallic elements from agricultural activities raise grave concern about their potential risk to human health through direct intake, bioaccumulation through the food chain, and their impacts on ecological systems. We have measured here the lipid and protein oxidation status and used metabolomic methodologies to identify and characterize the changes caused by metal pollution exposure in the digestive glands and gills of Procambarus clarkii, the red swamp crayfish. Specimens captured at two sites with intensive agriculture practices using diverse types of agrochemicals, located in the borders of Doñana Natural Park, were compared to ones caught in the core of the Park, a proven non-polluted place. As a highly metabolically active organ, the digestive gland accumulated more metallic elements than the gills and was consequently more affected at the metabolic level. Results also indicate that chronic pollution exposure generates oxidative stress and mitochondrial dysfunction that imposes a metabolic shift to enhanced aerobic glycolysis and lipid metabolism alteration. The integration of metabolomics with previous proteomic data gives a comprehensive vision of the metabolic disorders caused by chronic metal exposure to P. clarkii and identifies potential biomarkers useful for routine risk assessment of the aquatic ecosystems health.