The role of mitochondrial dysfunction in age-related diseases

The aging process is accompanied by the onset of disease and a general decline in wellness. Insights into the aging process have revealed a number of cellular hallmarks of aging, among these epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, and stem cell e...

Full description

Saved in:
Bibliographic Details
Published in:Biochimica et biophysica acta 2015-11, Vol.1847 (11), p.1387-1400
Main Authors: Lane, Rebecca K., Hilsabeck, Tyler, Rea, Shane L.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Animals
Atherosclerosis
Atherosclerosis - physiopathology
Cell Differentiation
Humans
Immunity
Mitochondria
Mitochondria - physiology
Neurodegeneration
Neurodegenerative Diseases - physiopathology
Osteoporosis
Osteoporosis - physiopathology
Sirtuins
Stem cells
Stem Cells - cytology
Citations: Items that this one cites
Items that cite this one
Online Access:Get full text
Tags: Add Tag
No Tags, Be the first to tag this record!
Description
Summary:The aging process is accompanied by the onset of disease and a general decline in wellness. Insights into the aging process have revealed a number of cellular hallmarks of aging, among these epigenetic alterations, loss of proteostasis, mitochondrial dysfunction, cellular senescence, and stem cell exhaustion. Mitochondrial dysfunction increasingly appears to be a common factor connecting several of these hallmarks, driving the aging process and afflicting tissues throughout the body. Recent research has uncovered a much more complex involvement of mitochondria in the cell than has previously been appreciated and revealed novel ways in which mitochondrial defects feed into disease pathology. In this review we evaluate ways in which problems in mitochondria contribute to disease beyond the well-known mechanisms of oxidative stress and bioenergetic deficits, and we predict the direction that mitochondrial disease research will take in years to come. •Mitochondrial dysfunction may be at the root of protein aggregation.•ROS signaling and metabolic restructuring are determinants of stem cell fate.•Mitochondria are central components of the innate immune response.•Deregulation of covalent modifications of mitochondrial proteins has been found in multiple diseases.
ISSN:0005-2728
0006-3002
1879-2650
1878-2434
DOI:10.1016/j.bbabio.2015.05.021