Oxidative stress, glutathione status, sirtuin and cellular stress response in type 2 diabetes

Oxidative stress has been suggested to play a main role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. As a consequence of this increased oxidative status a cellular adaptive response occurs requiring functional chaperones, antioxidant production and protein degradation. This...

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Published in:Biochimica et biophysica acta 2012-05, Vol.1822 (5), p.729-736
Main Authors: Calabrese, V., Cornelius, C., Leso, V., Trovato-Salinaro, A., Ventimiglia, B., Cavallaro, M., Scuto, M., Rizza, S., Zanoli, L., Neri, S., Castellino, P.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Adult
Aged
Blotting, Western
Cellular stress response
Diabetes Mellitus, Type 2 - metabolism
Female
Glutathione - metabolism
Glutathione status
Humans
Male
Middle Aged
Oxidative Stress
Redox signaling
Sirtuins
Sirtuins - metabolism
Type 2 diabetes
Vitagenes
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Summary:Oxidative stress has been suggested to play a main role in the pathogenesis of type 2 diabetes mellitus and its complications. As a consequence of this increased oxidative status a cellular adaptive response occurs requiring functional chaperones, antioxidant production and protein degradation. This study was designed to evaluate systemic oxidative stress and cellular stress response in patients suffering from type 2 diabetes and in age-matched healthy subjects. Systemic oxidative stress has been evaluated by measuring plasma reduced and oxidized glutathione, as well as pentosidine, protein carbonyls lipid oxidation products 4-hydroxy-2-nonenal and F2-isoprostanes in plasma, and lymphocytes, whereas the lymphocyte levels of the heat shock proteins (HSP) HO-1, Hsp72, Sirtuin-1, Sirtuin-2 and thioredoxin reductase-1 (TrxR-1) have been measured to evaluate the systemic cellular stress response. Plasma GSH/GSSG showed a significant decrease in type 2 diabetes as compared to control group, associated with increased pentosidine, F2-isoprostanes, carbonyls and HNE levels. In addition, lymphocyte levels of HO-1, Hsp70, Trx and TrxR-1 (P
ISSN:0925-4439
0006-3002
1879-260X
DOI:10.1016/j.bbadis.2011.12.003