Comparing In-hospital Outcomes Of Heart Failure Patients With Hyperthyroidism Vs Heart Failure Patients Without Hyperthyroidism: A Retrospective Population-based Study

• Published in: Journal of cardiac failure 2025-01, Vol.31 (1), p.305-305
• Main Authors: TABOWEI, GODFREY, Ogedegbe, Oboseh, Alugba, Gabriel, Dadzie, Samuel, Modi, Bosky, EVBU, ENAKPENE
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• ISSN: 1071-9164
• DOI: 10.1016/j.cardfail.2024.10.315

Thyroid hormones greatly influence the activities of the heart muscle, and symptoms of heart failure (HF) may get worse when thyroxine (T4) levels are high, as they are in hyperthyroidism (HYPER). Here, we examine data from the National Inpatient Sample (NIS) to determine in-hospital outcomes of Heart failure patients with Hyperthyroidism (HFHYPER). Hyperthyroidism in heart failure patients is associated with increased mortality, LOS and total hospital charges when compared to heart failure patients without hyperthyroidism. We retrospectively analyzed the Nationwide Inpatient Sample (NIS) 2020 data. Our primary outcomes of interest were in-hospital mortality, the length of stay (LOS), and average total hospitalization charge (TOTCHG). The total number of patients admitted for HF in the 2020 NIS database was 1,003,140, the total number of patients with HYPER was 237,565, the total number of patients with HFHYPER was 12,155 (1.2% of the total number of HF patients), and the total number of patients with HFnoHYPER was 990,985 (98.7% of the total number for HF patients).The mean age of HFHYPER patients was 71.3 years, while the average age of HFnoHYPER patients was 70.9 years.In terms of mortality, the total number of deaths in the HFHYPER group was 300(2.4%) and 26,805(2.7%) in the HFnoHYPER group. On multivariate analysis, there was no statistically significant difference in mortality between the two groups after adjusting for other variables (P=0.995).The average length of stay in HFHYPER patients was 5.79 days, and 5.50 days in HFnoHYPER patients. There was also no statistically significant difference in LOS between both groups (P= 0.065).The average TOTCHG in HFHYPER patients was $67,487 and $61,246 in HFnoHYPER patients. After adjusting for other confounders, there was a statistically significant increase in TOTCHG in HFHYPER patients of $4,830 (P= 0.041).There was also an increase in the odds of Afib(77%) and smoking(11%) in HFHYPER patients when compared to HFnoHYPER patients, which was statistically significant (P= 0.000, 0.0014). However, there was a 17% decrease in the odds of obesity in HFHYPER patients(P= 0.001). Our study revealed that hypothyroidism is not an independent predictor of mortality and increased length of stay in heart failure patients. However, it was associated with increased odds of TOTCHG, Afib and decreased odds of obesity.