Elevated atmospheric CO2 might increase the health risk of long-term ingestion of leafy vegetables cultivated in residual DDT polluted soil

• Published in: Chemosphere (Oxford) 2019-07, Vol.227, p.289-298
• Main Authors: Wu, Xiao Rong, Li, Yuan Ping, Tu, Shu Xin, Ding, Yong Zhen, Wang, Rui Gang, Rensing, Christopher, Feng, Ren Wei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Antioxidants; Dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane; Health risk; Leaf vegetable; Photosynthesis
• ISSN: 0045-6535; 1879-1298
• DOI: 10.1016/j.chemosphere.2019.04.024

Residual dichlorodiphenyltrichloroethane (DDT) in the environment and a continuously increasing atmospheric carbon dioxide (CO2) concentration are two issues that have received a lot of attention. This study was conducted using a pot experiment to investigate the interactive effects of elevated CO2 and DDT on the uptake of DDT, the physiological responses and the resulting health risks in three vegetables. These vegetables included Brassica juncea var. foliosa Bailey (B. Bailey), Brassica campestris L. var. communis Tsen et Lee Suzhou Qing (B. Lee) and Brassica campestris L. ssp. pekinensis (Lour.) Olsson Chun Dawang (B. Olsson). Two levels of CO2 and four DDT treatment levels were set up. Results showed 5 mg kg−1 DDT significantly reduced the shoot biomass of B. Bailey when compared to 0 mg kg−1 DDT treatment under ambient CO2 condition. Elevated CO2 concentration stimulated the growth of B. Bailey and B. Lee, increased the DDT uptake in the shoots of both vegetables and the values of some photosynthesis indices, and triggered the activity of peroxidase and catalase in the shoots when compared to the related ambient CO2 treatment. Elevated CO2 concentration increased the values of hazard indexes for non-carcinogenic and cancer risks of all vegetables when compared to the individual ambient CO2 treatment (each of vegetable has an ambient CO2 treatment), especially for B. Bailey (increase amplitude of 123.81%–127.78% at 5 mg kg−1 DDT). Long-term ingestion with these DDT-polluted vegetables might result in an elevated carcinogenic risk and elevated atmospheric CO2 may enhance the non-carcinogenic and carcinogenic risks. [Display omitted] •5 mg kg−1 DDT significantly reduced shoot biomass of B. Bailey under ambient CO2.•Elevated CO2 facilitated DDT uptake in the shoots of B. Bailey and B. Lee.•Elevated CO2 increased the values of certain photosynthesis indices in three vegetables.•CO2 reactivated POD and CAT activity to alleviate DDT-induced oxidative stress.•Elevated CO2 might increase the health risk of human ingestion of these vegetables.