A remote and personalised novel approach for monitoring asthma severity levels from EEG signals utilizing classification algorithms

• Published in: Expert systems with applications 2023-08, Vol.223, p.119799, Article 119799
• Main Authors: Haba, Rotem, Singer, Gonen, Naftali, Sara, Kramer, Mordechai R., Ratnovsky, Anat
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Asthma; Electroencephalogram; Ensemble learning; Machine learning; Ordinal classification
• ISSN: 0957-4174; 1873-6793
• DOI: 10.1016/j.eswa.2023.119799

•EEG signals were used for the identification of asthma severity levels.•Three methodologies were designed to identify a subject’s asthma severity levels.•Identifications were made based on subject’s data, new subject’s data, and mixed data.•In two of the methodologies, the ensemble and XGBoost outperform other classifiers.•All three proposed methodologies may be employed for personalised home monitoring. Asthma is a complex respiratory disorder in which structural changes in the conducting airway cause variable airflow limitation. The excessive narrowing of the airway lumen underlies the morbidity and the mortality that are attributable to the disease, which reduces quality of life in people of all ages. Monitoring of the disease progression to gather data continuously as an objective marker of morbidity and to support therapy is essential. Currently, patients with asthma are examined only a few times a year, which prevents continuous monitoring of the disease progression and any advance in precision medicine. Remote non-invasive monitoring tools will enable the collection of data with minimal effort from patients. To date, however, assessment and monitoring of asthma based on electroencephalogram (EEG) signals have not been studied. The objective of this research was to develop a general approach for identifying asthma severity levels based on EEG signals for personalised remote and non-invasive monitoring of patients with asthma. Simultaneous measurements of EEG and respiration motion signals were acquired from adults with suspected asthma, during the entire methacholine challenge test. The EEG segments were categorized into three classes, each representing a level of asthma severity based on participant’s spirometry score. Three artificial intelligence (AI) methodologies were designed and examined: the first aimed to identify a subject’s asthma severity levels based on their known data, the second based on mixed data comprising data from all subjects including the subject’s personal data, and the third methodology based on the datasets of all other subjects, reflecting a situation of a new patient. To overcome multi-subject variations in the third methodology, the probabilities of being at each one of the possible asthma severity levels in previous breathing cycles, as inputs for predictions of asthma severity levels in the current breathing cycle, was used. The classification was done based on ordinal and non-ordinal classification algorithms. In the