An improved YOLOv5 method for large objects detection with multi-scale feature cross-layer fusion network

• Published in: Image and vision computing 2022-09, Vol.125, p.104518, Article 104518
• Main Authors: Qu, Zhong, Gao, Le-yuan, Wang, Sheng-ye, Yin, Hao-nan, Yi, Tu-ming
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Autoanchor mechanism; Feature extraction; Feature fusion; K-means; Object detection
• ISSN: 0262-8856; 1872-8138
• DOI: 10.1016/j.imavis.2022.104518

SSD and YOLOv5 are the one-stage object detector representative algorithms. An improved one-stage object detector based on the YOLOv5 method is proposed in this paper, named Multi-scale Feature Cross-layer Fusion Network (M-FCFN). Firstly, we extract shallow features and deep features from the PANet structure for cross-layer fusion and obtain a feature scale different from 80 × 80, 40 × 40, and 20 × 20 as output. Then, according to the single shot multi-box detector, we propose the different scale features which are obtained by cross-layer fusion for dimension reduction and use it as another output for prediction. Therefore, two completely different feature scales are added as the output. Features of different scales are necessary for detecting objects of different sizes, which can increase the probability of object detection and significantly improve detection accuracy. Finally, aiming at the Autoanchor mechanism proposed by YOLOv5, we propose an EIOU k-means calculation. We have compared the four model structures of S, M, L, and X of YOLOv5 respectively. The problem of missed and false detections for large objects is improved which has better detection results. The experimental results show that our methods achieve 89.1% and 67.8% mAP@0.5 on the PASCAL VOC and MS COCO datasets. Compared with the YOLOv5_S, our methods improve by 4.4% and 1.4% mAP@ [0.5:0.95] on the PASCAL VOC and MS COCO datasets. Compared with the four models of YOLOv5, our methods have better detection accuracy for large objects. It should be more attention that our method on the large-scale mAP@ [0.5:0.95] is 5.4% higher than YOLOv5_S on the MS COCO datasets. [Display omitted] •We proposed Multi-scale Feature Cross-layer Fusion Network (M-FCFN).•Two completely different feature scales are added as the output.•We propose an EIOU k-means Autoanchor calculation.•The problem of missed and false detections for large objects is improved.•Our method on the large-scale mAP@[0.5:0.95] is 5.4% higher than YOLOv5_S.