Evaluating the potential of chestnut ( Castanea sativa Mill.) fruit pericarp and integument as a source of tocopherols, pigments and polyphenols

The chestnut fruit processing generates large amounts of residues as pericarp (outer shell; 8.9–13.5%) and integument (inner shell; 6.3–10.1%). These materials clearly have the potential as sources of valuable co-products. The analyses of the pericarp and integument of four Portuguese chestnut culti...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Industrial crops and products 2010, Vol.31 (2), p.301-311
Main Authors: de Vasconcelos, Maria do Carmo B.M., Bennett, Richard N., Quideau, Stéphane, Jacquet, Rémi, Rosa, Eduardo A.S., Ferreira-Cardoso, Jorge V.
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
acetone
Castanea sativa
chemical constituents of plants
chestnuts
Condensed tannins
cultivars
ellagic acid
Ellagitannins
extraction
gallic acid
genetic variation
hulls
inner shell
Integument
integument (plants)
molecular weight
outer shell
Pericarp
Phenolics
plant byproducts
plant pigments
polyphenols
proanthocyanidins
solvents
tannins
tocopherols
value added
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Summary:The chestnut fruit processing generates large amounts of residues as pericarp (outer shell; 8.9–13.5%) and integument (inner shell; 6.3–10.1%). These materials clearly have the potential as sources of valuable co-products. The analyses of the pericarp and integument of four Portuguese chestnut cultivars (Judia, Longal, Martaínha and Lada) revealed significant contents of total phenolics, low molecular weight phenolics (gallic and ellagic acid), condensed tannins and ellagitannins including castalagin, vescalagin, acutissimin A and acutissimin B. The integument tissues had the highest levels of total phenolics and condensed tannins. The most efficient extraction solvent for the total phenolics, total condensed tannins and low molecular weight phenolics (in Longal) was 70:30 acetone:water at 20 °C. The pericarp and integument tissues of the cultivar Longal were richest in gallic acid and castalagin. It is clear that these materials could be used for the extraction of valuable phenolics.
ISSN:0926-6690
1872-633X
DOI:10.1016/j.indcrop.2009.11.008