Removal and recovery of reactive yellow 84 dye from wastewater and regeneration of functionalised Borassus flabellifer activated carbon

• Published in: Journal of environmental chemical engineering 2018-04, Vol.6 (2), p.3111-3121
• Main Authors: S, Indhu, K, Muthukumaran
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Adsorption isotherms; Borassus flabellifer shell; Diazo dye; Magnetite; Nanocomposite; Thermodynamic
• ISSN: 2213-3437; 2213-3437
• DOI: 10.1016/j.jece.2018.04.027

[Display omitted] •Nanocomposite developed using Fe3O4/agro-material by low-temperature co-precipitation method.•Characterisation studies validate the performance of nanocomposite as an efficient adsorbent.•Maximum adsorption capacity of reactive azo dye (reactive yellow 84) is 40 mg/g.•ΔG, ΔH, & ΔS values better complement the existence of monolayer physical adsorption reaction. This study demonstrates the performance and characterisation of Borassus Flabellifer shell derived Nano Composite (BNC) in the adsorption process for the removal of reactive diazo dyes. Borassus flabellifer shell, an agricultural waste material, is evaluated and subjected to activation under CO2 atmosphere to obtain Borassus Flabellifer shell derived activated carbon (BAC). The resulted BAC is modified as BNC using magnetite nanoparticles by precipitation method. The texture and composition of BAC and BNC are observed by various analytical determinations like pHpZc, FTIR, powder-XRD, BET surface area, FE-SEM, EDX and VSM analysis. The batch study is conducted by varying pH, dosage, initial concentration and equilibration time. The experimental studies are carried out using the optimised data and the maximum removal capacity of BNC for the adsorption of reactive yellow 84 (RY84) is found to be 40 mg/g. The Langmuir equation suits the best-fit equilibrium adsorption isotherm model, which predicts the monolayer adsorption of RY84. The reaction kinetics of the adsorption process is best expressed by pseudo-second order model equation. The thermodynamic parameters attribute the spontaneous and endothermic processes involved in the adsorption mechanism. The recovery of BAC and BNC are attempted and examined, while the regeneration of BNC is successful up to four cycles.