Dynamic gastrointestinal digestion of grape pomace extracts: Bioaccessible phenolic metabolites and impact on human gut microbiota

•The two GP extracts modulated the metabolism of the colonic microbiota in vitro.•The greatest changes were detected during chronic feeding.•A human intestinal bacteria able to degrade phenolic compounds was isolated.•Simgi® is a useful model to study the bioaccessibility of food components. Grape p...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Journal of food composition and analysis 2018-05, Vol.68, p.41-52
Main Authors: Gil-Sánchez, Irene, Cueva, Carolina, Sanz-Buenhombre, Marisa, Guadarrama, Alberto, Moreno-Arribas, M. Victoria, Bartolomé, Begoña
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Bioaccessibility
Food analysis
Food composition grape pomace extracts
Gut microbiota functionality
In vitro simgi® model
Polyphenols
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Summary:•The two GP extracts modulated the metabolism of the colonic microbiota in vitro.•The greatest changes were detected during chronic feeding.•A human intestinal bacteria able to degrade phenolic compounds was isolated.•Simgi® is a useful model to study the bioaccessibility of food components. Grape pomace is a winery by-product rich in polyphenols and dietary fibre, two food constituents in whose bioaccessibility gut microbiota is implicated. To overcome the limitations of in vivo studies concerning difficult access to proximal regions of the colon, this paper reports, for the first time, the in vitro colonic digestion of grape pomace extracts (GPEs) using a dynamic gastrointestinal digestion model. Experiments consisted in the inoculation of the simgi® model with faecal microbiota from healthy volunteers, and further feeding of the system with a single (acute feeding of 700mg) and continuous (chronic feeding of 700mg/day; 14days) dose of GPE. Two independent experiments with faecal microbiota from two volunteers (#1 and #2) were carried out. Results were determined in terms of microbial functionality [phenolic metabolites, short-chain fatty acids (SCFAs) and ammonium ion] and composition (plate counting and qPCR) in the different simgi® compartments (ascending, transverse and descending colon). Different benzoic, phenylacetic and phenylpropionic acids were found as the main bioaccessible phenolic metabolites released from GPE. As an indicator of microbial fermentative activity, a significant increase (p0.05) were observed during chronic feeding for both experiments. Also, during the chronic feeding, the main bacteria groups increased (p
ISSN:0889-1575
1096-0481
DOI:10.1016/j.jfca.2017.05.005