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The influence of antineoplastic treatment on the weight of survivors of childhood cancer

Obesity is a late effect in survivors of childhood cancer and correlates with chronic complications. Survivors of leukemia, brain tumors, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are more likely to develop obesity resulting from treatment modalities such as radiotherapy and glucocorticoids. This...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Jornal de Pediatria (Versão em Português) 2016-11, Vol.92 (6), p.559-566
Main Authors: Teixeira, Julia Ferrari Carneiro, dos Santos Maia‐Lemos, Priscila, Cypriano, Mônica dos Santos, Pisani, Luciana Pellegrini
Format: Article
Language:Portuguese
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Summary:Obesity is a late effect in survivors of childhood cancer and correlates with chronic complications. Survivors of leukemia, brain tumors, and hematopoietic stem cell transplantation are more likely to develop obesity resulting from treatment modalities such as radiotherapy and glucocorticoids. This paper analyzes and integrates the current data available to health professionals in order to clarify strategies that can be used to treat and prevent obesity in childhood cancer survivors. This is a literature review from on scientifically reliable electronic databases. We selected articles published in the last five years and earlier articles of great scientific importance. The mechanisms involved in the pathophysiology of obesity in cancer survivors are not completely understood, but it is believed that damage to the hypothalamus and endocrine disorders such as insulin resistance, leptin resistance, and hormone deficiency may be involved. The body composition of this group includes a predominance of adipose tissue, especially in those undergoing hematopoietic stem cell transplant and total body irradiation. The use of body mass index in these patients may lead to an underestimation of individuals risk for metabolic complications. Early identification of groups using accurate anthropometric assessments, interventional treatment, and/or preventative measures and counseling is essential to minimize the adverse effects of treatment. Physical activity and healthy eating to promote weight loss in the whole population should be encouraged. A obesidade é um efeito tardio em sobreviventes do câncer na infância e está correlacionada com complicações crônicas. Os sobreviventes da leucemia, tumores cerebrais e transplante de células‐tronco hematopoiéticas têm maior probabilidade de desenvolver obesidade como resultado das modalidades de tratamento, como radioterapia e glicocorticoides. Este artigo analisa e integra os dados atuais disponíveis a profissionais da saúde para esclarecer as estratégias que podem ser usadas para tratar e prevenir a obesidade em sobreviventes do câncer na infância. Esta é uma análise da literatura de bases de dados eletrônicas cientificamente confiáveis. Selecionamos artigos publicados nos últimos cinco anos e artigos mais antigos de grande importância científica. Os mecanismos envolvidos na fisiopatologia da obesidade em sobreviventes do câncer não são completamente entendidos, porém acredita‐se que o dano no hipotálamo e disfunções endócrinas,
ISSN:2255-5536
2255-5536
DOI:10.1016/j.jpedp.2016.06.010