A systems approach to carbon cycling and emissions modeling at an urban neighborhood scale

• Published in: Landscape and urban planning 2013-02, Vol.110, p.48-58
• Main Authors: Kellett, Ronald, Christen, Andreas, Coops, Nicholas C., van der Laan, Michael, Crawford, Ben, Tooke, Thoreau Rory, Olchovski, Inna
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Applied sciences; Atmospheric pollution; Buildings. Public works; Carbon emissions; Carbon storage; Climatology and bioclimatics for buildings; Dispersed sources and other; Exact sciences and technology; Pollution; Pollution sources. Measurement results; Remote sensing; Urban development; Urban metabolism; Urban planning for climate change
• ISSN: 0169-2046; 1872-6062
• DOI: 10.1016/j.landurbplan.2012.10.002

► Demonstrates a prototype approach to neighborhood-scale carbon cycle modeling. ► Demonstrates integration of diverse data types for urban carbon cycle modeling. ► Tables and illustrations facilitate comparison of different carbon cycle processes. ► Scenarios illustrate the emissions mitigation potential of urban form strategies. The paper reports on a prototype urban metabolism approach to model carbon cycling through an urban neighborhood. The approach uses bottom-up modeling of urban form components (buildings, vehicles, people, plants) to assess the neighborhood-wide storage, intake and export (including atmospheric emissions) of carbon. Model inputs (land cover, population, building types, vegetation structure) were derived through integration of spatial and non-spatial data from remote sensing, statistical and cadastral sources. Results are quantified and illustrated as whole system and component carbon flows attributable to (i) buildings, (ii) transportation, (iii) humans (including food and waste), and (iv) vegetation and soils sectors. Three emissions reduction scenarios use these results as a baseline against which to illustrate the potential of familiar climate change planning strategies. These scenarios achieve per capita emission reductions targets of approximately 37%, 52% and 69% from that baseline. Concluding discussion considers the limits, replicability and potential of the approach for linking climate change to local planning.