Features of 2D mapping technique of non-uniform magnetic fields using self-biased magnetoelectric composites based on “bidomain LiNbO3/Ni/Metglas” structures

• Published in: Measurement : journal of the International Measurement Confederation 2025-01, Vol.242, p.115932, Article 115932
• Main Authors: Kuts, Victor V., Turutin, Andrei V., Kubasov, Ilya V., Temirov, Alexander A., Kislyuk, Aleksandr M., Maksumova, Evelina E., Fedulov, Fedor A., Fetisov, Yuri K., Malinkovich, Mikhail D., Parkhomenko, Yuriy N.
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: 2D mapping; Bidomain lithium niobate; Magnetic field detection; Magnetoelectric composite; Metglas; Non-uniform magnetic field; Self-biased ME structure
• ISSN: 0263-2241
• DOI: 10.1016/j.measurement.2024.115932

•Developed a 2D mapping technique for non-uniform magnetic fields (NMF) using ME sensors.•Employed a self-biased bidomain “LiNbO3/Ni/Metglas” ME structure.•2D NMF mapping closely matched theoretical distribution of magnetic field from the wire.•Experimental results validated by FEM modeling.•Spatial resolution of ME sensor to NMF was 1 mm. Magnetoelectric (ME) composites are extensively researched for their ability to detect magnetic fields but are typically characterized by their interactions with homogeneous magnetic fields. However, practical applications often involve non-uniform magnetic fields (NMFs). In this study, we developed and validated a technique for 2D mapping of NMFs using sensor based on ME composite. The primary focus was on mapping the magnetic field generated by a single wire carrying an alternating current (AC). The experimental setup included a “bidomain LiNbO3/Ni/Metglas” ME structure, which demonstrated a ME coefficient of 0.83 V/(cm⋅Oe) without external biasing at 117 Hz. The ME structure was characterized using both quasi-static and dynamic methods, with the mapping performed at a frequency of 232 Hz, chosen to ensure a linear response and minimize resonance effects. Our measurements revealed that the position of maximum magnitude of the ME signal was consistently shifted from the position of the maximum integral magnetic field intensity of the wire. This shift was attributed to the deformation of the ME structure and the redistribution of the magnetic flux along the sample due to the magnetic layers, as confirmed through modeling. Further, the measured 2D mapping of the NMF from the wire closely matched the theoretical distribution, displaying axial symmetry but with a persistent shift of 2–3 mm along the length of the ME structure. These effects were linked to the linear dimensions and clamping methods of the ME structure. Overall, our experimental results closely correlated with theoretical data and the FEM model, demonstrating that ME composites are effective for NMF detection and mapping. Future work will aim to reduce the dimensions of the ME structure using MEMS technology to minimize the observed shift effects in the measurements.