Revenge of the “sit” II: Does lifestyle impact neuronal and cognitive health through distinct mechanisms associated with sedentary behavior and physical activity?

Abstract It is generally understood that regular moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) promotes good health from head to toe. Evidence also supports the notion that too much sitting can increase all-cause mortality and risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes. Moreover, there is evidence th...

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Bibliographic Details
Published in:Mental health and physical activity 2014-03, Vol.7 (1), p.9-24
Main Authors: Voss, Michelle W, Carr, Lucas J, Clark, Rachel, Weng, Timothy
Format: Article
Language:English
Subjects:
Aging
Brain
Cognition
Exercise
Metabolic reserve
Psychiatry
Sitting
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Summary:Abstract It is generally understood that regular moderate to vigorous physical activity (MVPA) promotes good health from head to toe. Evidence also supports the notion that too much sitting can increase all-cause mortality and risk of chronic diseases such as diabetes. Moreover, there is evidence that daily MVPA may not offset negative effects of sedentary behavior on systemic risk factors. We extend the discussion to brain structure and function and argue that while MVPA is recognized as a protective behavior against age-related dementia, sedentary behavior may also be an important contributor to brain health and even counteract the benefits of MVPA due to overlapping or interacting mechanistic pathways. Thus, the goals of this review are (1) to outline evidence linking both PA and sedentary behavior to neurobiological systems that are known to influence behavioral outcomes such as cognitive aging and (2) to propose productive areas of future research.
ISSN:1755-2966
1878-0199
DOI:10.1016/j.mhpa.2014.01.001