Microstructural and phase evolution of Ti6Al4V in electron beam wire additive manufacturing and on the subtransus quenching and normalization

• Published in: Materials science & engineering. A, Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing Structural materials : properties, microstructure and processing, 2024-04, Vol.898, p.146384, Article 146384
• Main Authors: Zykova, Anna, Panfilov, Aleksander, Vorontsov, Andrey, Shmakov, Vasiliy, Savchenko, Nickolai, Gurianov, Denis, Gusarenko, Angelina, Utyaganova, Veronika, Krasnoveikin, Vladimir, Tarasov, Sergei
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Electron beam additive manufacturing; Grain orientation; Normalization; Quenching; Texturing; Ti–6Al–4V
• ISSN: 0921-5093; 1873-4936
• DOI: 10.1016/j.msea.2024.146384

Structural evolution of electron beam wire additively manufactured Ti–6Al–4V subjected to quenching and normalization from the subtransus temperatures 900 °C has been studied. Different phase states and structures have been obtained in the as-built sample such as grain-boundary (allotriomorphic) α-GB, Widmanstatten (basket-weave) α/β as well as α/α′′ and α/α2. Quenching resulted in retaining the α-GB and α/α2 structures while α/β transformed into α/α′. Normalization caused formation of α′′-Ti and ω-Ti phases in addition to the primary α. The α-Ti variant selection depended on the intensity of heating so that the number of Type-4-2 grain boundaries with misorientation angles 60, 60.8, 63.3° increased from the as-built to normalized sample. Quenching provided improvement of both tensile strength and plasticity.