Obesity in patients with gestational diabetes: Impact on newborn outcomes

• Published in: Obesity medicine 2020-12, Vol.20, p.100296, Article 100296
• Main Authors: de Paula Bertoli, Joao Pedro, Schulz, Matheus Augusto, Ribeiro e Silva, Rodrigo, Nunes da Silva, Júlia Opolski, de Souza, Matheus Leite Ramos, Silva, Jean Carl
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Complications in pregnancy; Gestational diabetes; Obesity
• ISSN: 2451-8476; 2451-8476
• DOI: 10.1016/j.obmed.2020.100296

To compare the perinatal adverse outcomes of obese and non-obese pregnant women with Gestational Diabetes Mellitus (GDM). This is a Cross-sectional study. Data were collected from the medical records of patients diagnosed with GDM at Unimed Hospital Center in the city of Joinville, from 2011 to 2017. Maternal-fetal characteristics, therapies and complications of pregnant women diagnosed with GDM were analyzed. The subjects of the study were separated into two groups: obese and non-obese GDM patients. Statistical analysis was performed by calculating multinomial logistic regression, adjusted using the 95% confidence interval (CI). A total of 442 patients were described as having gestational diabetes, of which 260 (58.8%) were diagnosed with obesity and 182 (41.1%) were non-obese. Maternal characteristics diverged regarding the Body Mass Index (BMI) (30.0vs22.5 P = 0.000), Gestational Age (GA) from GDM diagnosis (26.95vs29.07 P = 0.002), cesarean section (c-section) (86.2%vs75.9% P = 0.003), the incidence of chronic Hypertension (10.3%vs4.2% P = 0.011), treatment by dieting (29.0%vs48.1% P = 0.000) and metformin (44.5%vs34.7% P = 0.027) of obese and non-obese pregnant women, respectively. As for newborns, there was a reduction in weight (3185.8vs3,217.4 P = 0.045) and in the number of newborns of normal weight (13.8%vs23.6% P = 0.005), of newborns from obese and non-obese mothers, respectively. After ratio calculation, it was noticed that obese pregnant women had a higher chance of undergoing a c-section (OR 2.137 CI 95%, 1257-3.631). There was no significance found in other pregnancy outcomes. Pregnant women diagnosed with GDM and obesity are approximately twice as likely to undergo Cesarean Surgery, compared to non-obese women. As a result, newborns will have a greater influence on the outcomes and occasional events of cesarean section. •Maternal obesity is closely linked to the rate of cesarean sections.•Obese patients were approximately twice as likely to perform cesarean sections compared to patients with recommended weight.•Associated with the increased rate of cesarean sections in obese patients, newborns will have a proportional influence of outcomes and adversities of the procedure.