Characterizing air-coupled gas discharge acoustic transducers by using scanning laser Doppler refracto-vibrometry

• Published in: Optics and lasers in engineering 2024-04, Vol.175, p.108043, Article 108043
• Main Authors: Derusova, D.A., Vavilov, V.P., Nekhoroshev, V.O., Shpil'noi, V. Yu
• Format: Article
• Language: English
• Subjects: Air-coupled ultrasonics; Composite; Electro-thermoacoustic effect; Gas discharge; Impact damage; Non-destructive testing; Refracto-vibrometry; Scanning laser Doppler vibrometry (SLDV); Spark
• ISSN: 0143-8166; 1873-0302
• DOI: 10.1016/j.optlaseng.2024.108043

•Refracto-vibrometry allows determining and visualizing phase and frequency variations of vibration signals in a single experiment, non-contactly and in a wide frequency range.•The proposed gas discharge transducer allows generating acoustic waves in the air in a wide frequency range from 50 Hz to 4 MHz that has been confirmed experimentally by using the technique of laser vibrometry.•An air-coupled gas discharge transducer can be used to evaluate defects in composites in a pulsed operation regime where no standing waves appear in the air medium between the emitter and a test object. Scanning laser Doppler vibrometry (SLDV) is an effective tool for characterizing acoustic transducers and visualizing acoustic waves, in particular, when using air-coupled ultrasonic emitters. Refraction of laser beams in the areas of oscillating air pressure enables measuring amplitude-frequency parameters of propagating waves in a wide range of frequencies. The technique of refracto-vibrometry has been used for non-contact measurement of phase and frequency parameters of vibration signals generated by a pulsed gas discharge in the ambient air. The proposed gas discharge acoustic transducer operates on the base of the electro-thermoacoustic effect accompanying the flow of spark discharge current in the air at atmospheric pressure. A feature of the proposed device is that the emitter membrane contains a central through-hole that allows the discharge plasma to propagate beyond the electrode space of the emitter. Such configuration of the emitter allows the generation of acoustic waves in the ultra-wide frequency range from 50 Hz to 4 MHz. The spectrum of generated oscillations is essentially non-uniform that is explained by the presence of both resonance peaks and absorption bands of acoustic waves in the device elements. The proposed technique was checked in the inspection of impact damage in a hybride CFRP/flax composite.